feat(gemini): 优化 OAuth 和配额展示

主要改进：
- 修复 google_one OAuth scopes 配置问题
- 添加 Gemini 账号配额展示组件
- 优化 Code Assist 类型检测逻辑
- 添加 OAuth 测试用例

backend/internal/handler/admin/gemini_oauth_handler.go

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ func NewGeminiOAuthHandler(geminiOAuthService *service.GeminiOAuthService) *Gemi
 	return &GeminiOAuthHandler{geminiOAuthService: geminiOAuthService}
 }
 
-// GetCapabilities retrieves OAuth configuration capabilities.
 // GET /api/v1/admin/gemini/oauth/capabilities
 func (h *GeminiOAuthHandler) GetCapabilities(c *gin.Context) {
 	cfg := h.geminiOAuthService.GetOAuthConfig()

backend/internal/pkg/geminicli/codeassist_types.go

 package geminicli
 
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+)
+
 // LoadCodeAssistRequest matches done-hub's internal Code Assist call.
 type LoadCodeAssistRequest struct {
 	Metadata LoadCodeAssistMetadata `json:"metadata"`
@@ -11,12 +16,51 @@ type LoadCodeAssistMetadata struct {
 	PluginType string `json:"pluginType"`
 }
 
+type TierInfo struct {
+	ID string `json:"id"`
+}
+
+// UnmarshalJSON supports both legacy string tiers and object tiers.
+func (t *TierInfo) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	data = bytes.TrimSpace(data)
+	if len(data) == 0 || string(data) == "null" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if data[0] == '"' {
+		var id string
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &id); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		t.ID = id
+		return nil
+	}
+	type alias TierInfo
+	var decoded alias
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &decoded); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	*t = TierInfo(decoded)
+	return nil
+}
+
 type LoadCodeAssistResponse struct {
-	CurrentTier             string        `json:"currentTier,omitempty"`
+	CurrentTier             *TierInfo     `json:"currentTier,omitempty"`
+	PaidTier                *TierInfo     `json:"paidTier,omitempty"`
 	CloudAICompanionProject string        `json:"cloudaicompanionProject,omitempty"`
 	AllowedTiers            []AllowedTier `json:"allowedTiers,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// GetTier extracts tier ID, prioritizing paidTier over currentTier
+func (r *LoadCodeAssistResponse) GetTier() string {
+	if r.PaidTier != nil && r.PaidTier.ID != "" {
+		return r.PaidTier.ID
+	}
+	if r.CurrentTier != nil {
+		return r.CurrentTier.ID
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
 type AllowedTier struct {
 	ID        string `json:"id"`
 	IsDefault bool   `json:"isDefault,omitempty"`

backend/internal/pkg/geminicli/constants.go

-// Package geminicli provides OAuth authentication and API client functionality
-// for Google's Gemini AI services, supporting both AI Studio and Code Assist endpoints.
 package geminicli
 
 import "time"
@@ -29,7 +27,9 @@ const (
 	DefaultAIStudioScopes = "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform https://www.googleapis.com/auth/generative-language.retriever"
 
 	// DefaultScopes for Google One (personal Google accounts with Gemini access)
-	// Includes generative-language for Gemini API access and drive.readonly for storage tier detection
+	// Only used when a custom OAuth client is configured. When using the built-in Gemini CLI client,
+	// Google One uses DefaultCodeAssistScopes (same as code_assist) because the built-in client
+	// cannot request restricted scopes like generative-language.retriever or drive.readonly.
 	DefaultGoogleOneScopes = "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform https://www.googleapis.com/auth/generative-language.retriever https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.readonly https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.profile"
 
 	// GeminiCLIRedirectURI is the redirect URI used by Gemini CLI for Code Assist OAuth.

backend/internal/pkg/geminicli/oauth.go

@@ -181,19 +181,23 @@ func EffectiveOAuthConfig(cfg OAuthConfig, oauthType string) (OAuthConfig, error
 				effective.Scopes = DefaultAIStudioScopes
 			}
 		case "google_one":
-			// Google One accounts need generative-language scope for Gemini API access
-			// and drive.readonly scope for storage tier detection
+			// Google One uses built-in Gemini CLI client (same as code_assist)
+			// Built-in client can't request restricted scopes like generative-language.retriever
+			if isBuiltinClient {
+				effective.Scopes = DefaultCodeAssistScopes
+			} else {
 				effective.Scopes = DefaultGoogleOneScopes
+			}
 		default:
 			// Default to Code Assist scopes
 			effective.Scopes = DefaultCodeAssistScopes
 		}
-	} else if oauthType == "ai_studio" && isBuiltinClient {
+	} else if (oauthType == "ai_studio" || oauthType == "google_one") && isBuiltinClient {
 		// If user overrides scopes while still using the built-in client, strip restricted scopes.
 		parts := strings.Fields(effective.Scopes)
 		filtered := make([]string, 0, len(parts))
 		for _, s := range parts {
-			if strings.Contains(s, "generative-language") {
+			if hasRestrictedScope(s) {
 				continue
 			}
 			filtered = append(filtered, s)
@@ -219,6 +223,11 @@ func EffectiveOAuthConfig(cfg OAuthConfig, oauthType string) (OAuthConfig, error
 	return effective, nil
 }
 
+func hasRestrictedScope(scope string) bool {
+	return strings.HasPrefix(scope, "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/generative-language") ||
+		strings.HasPrefix(scope, "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive")
+}
+
 func BuildAuthorizationURL(cfg OAuthConfig, state, codeChallenge, redirectURI, projectID, oauthType string) (string, error) {
 	effectiveCfg, err := EffectiveOAuthConfig(cfg, oauthType)
 	if err != nil {

backend/internal/pkg/geminicli/oauth_test.go

+package geminicli
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestEffectiveOAuthConfig_GoogleOne(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name         string
+		input        OAuthConfig
+		oauthType    string
+		wantClientID string
+		wantScopes   string
+		wantErr      bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:         "Google One with built-in client (empty config)",
+			input:        OAuthConfig{},
+			oauthType:    "google_one",
+			wantClientID: GeminiCLIOAuthClientID,
+			wantScopes:   DefaultCodeAssistScopes,
+			wantErr:      false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Google One with custom client",
+			input: OAuthConfig{
+				ClientID:     "custom-client-id",
+				ClientSecret: "custom-client-secret",
+			},
+			oauthType:    "google_one",
+			wantClientID: "custom-client-id",
+			wantScopes:   DefaultGoogleOneScopes,
+			wantErr:      false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Google One with built-in client and custom scopes (should filter restricted scopes)",
+			input: OAuthConfig{
+				Scopes: "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform https://www.googleapis.com/auth/generative-language.retriever https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.readonly",
+			},
+			oauthType:    "google_one",
+			wantClientID: GeminiCLIOAuthClientID,
+			wantScopes:   "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform",
+			wantErr:      false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Google One with built-in client and only restricted scopes (should fallback to default)",
+			input: OAuthConfig{
+				Scopes: "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/generative-language.retriever https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.readonly",
+			},
+			oauthType:    "google_one",
+			wantClientID: GeminiCLIOAuthClientID,
+			wantScopes:   DefaultCodeAssistScopes,
+			wantErr:      false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "Code Assist with built-in client",
+			input:        OAuthConfig{},
+			oauthType:    "code_assist",
+			wantClientID: GeminiCLIOAuthClientID,
+			wantScopes:   DefaultCodeAssistScopes,
+			wantErr:      false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := EffectiveOAuthConfig(tt.input, tt.oauthType)
+			if (err != nil) != tt.wantErr {
+				t.Errorf("EffectiveOAuthConfig() error = %v, wantErr %v", err, tt.wantErr)
+				return
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				return
+			}
+			if got.ClientID != tt.wantClientID {
+				t.Errorf("EffectiveOAuthConfig() ClientID = %v, want %v", got.ClientID, tt.wantClientID)
+			}
+			if got.Scopes != tt.wantScopes {
+				t.Errorf("EffectiveOAuthConfig() Scopes = %v, want %v", got.Scopes, tt.wantScopes)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEffectiveOAuthConfig_ScopeFiltering(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test that Google One with built-in client filters out restricted scopes
+	cfg, err := EffectiveOAuthConfig(OAuthConfig{
+		Scopes: "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email https://www.googleapis.com/auth/generative-language.retriever https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.readonly https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.profile",
+	}, "google_one")
+
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("EffectiveOAuthConfig() error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Should only contain cloud-platform, userinfo.email, and userinfo.profile
+	// Should NOT contain generative-language or drive scopes
+	if strings.Contains(cfg.Scopes, "generative-language") {
+		t.Errorf("Scopes should not contain generative-language when using built-in client, got: %v", cfg.Scopes)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(cfg.Scopes, "drive") {
+		t.Errorf("Scopes should not contain drive when using built-in client, got: %v", cfg.Scopes)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(cfg.Scopes, "cloud-platform") {
+		t.Errorf("Scopes should contain cloud-platform, got: %v", cfg.Scopes)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(cfg.Scopes, "userinfo.email") {
+		t.Errorf("Scopes should contain userinfo.email, got: %v", cfg.Scopes)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(cfg.Scopes, "userinfo.profile") {
+		t.Errorf("Scopes should contain userinfo.profile, got: %v", cfg.Scopes)
+	}
+}

backend/internal/service/gemini_messages_compat_service.go

@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ func (s *GeminiMessagesCompatService) SelectAccountForAIStudioEndpoints(ctx cont
 			return 999
 		}
 		switch a.Type {
-		case AccountTypeAPIKey:
+		case AccountTypeApiKey:
 			if strings.TrimSpace(a.GetCredential("api_key")) != "" {
 				return 0
 			}
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ func (s *GeminiMessagesCompatService) Forward(ctx context.Context, c *gin.Contex
 
 	originalModel := req.Model
 	mappedModel := req.Model
-	if account.Type == AccountTypeAPIKey {
+	if account.Type == AccountTypeApiKey {
 		mappedModel = account.GetMappedModel(req.Model)
 	}
 
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ func (s *GeminiMessagesCompatService) Forward(ctx context.Context, c *gin.Contex
 	}
 
 	switch account.Type {
-	case AccountTypeAPIKey:
+	case AccountTypeApiKey:
 		buildReq = func(ctx context.Context) (*http.Request, string, error) {
 			apiKey := account.GetCredential("api_key")
 			if strings.TrimSpace(apiKey) == "" {
@@ -539,7 +539,14 @@ func (s *GeminiMessagesCompatService) Forward(ctx context.Context, c *gin.Contex
 
 	if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
 		respBody, _ := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 2<<20))
+		tempMatched := false
+		if s.rateLimitService != nil {
+			tempMatched = s.rateLimitService.HandleTempUnschedulable(ctx, account, resp.StatusCode, respBody)
+		}
 		s.handleGeminiUpstreamError(ctx, account, resp.StatusCode, resp.Header, respBody)
+		if tempMatched {
+			return nil, &UpstreamFailoverError{StatusCode: resp.StatusCode}
+		}
 		if s.shouldFailoverGeminiUpstreamError(resp.StatusCode) {
 			return nil, &UpstreamFailoverError{StatusCode: resp.StatusCode}
 		}
@@ -614,7 +621,7 @@ func (s *GeminiMessagesCompatService) ForwardNative(ctx context.Context, c *gin.
 	}
 
 	mappedModel := originalModel
-	if account.Type == AccountTypeAPIKey {
+	if account.Type == AccountTypeApiKey {
 		mappedModel = account.GetMappedModel(originalModel)
 	}
 
@@ -636,7 +643,7 @@ func (s *GeminiMessagesCompatService) ForwardNative(ctx context.Context, c *gin.
 	var buildReq func(ctx context.Context) (*http.Request, string, error)
 
 	switch account.Type {
-	case AccountTypeAPIKey:
+	case AccountTypeApiKey:
 		buildReq = func(ctx context.Context) (*http.Request, string, error) {
 			apiKey := account.GetCredential("api_key")
 			if strings.TrimSpace(apiKey) == "" {
@@ -825,6 +832,10 @@ func (s *GeminiMessagesCompatService) ForwardNative(ctx context.Context, c *gin.
 
 	if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
 		respBody, _ := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 2<<20))
+		tempMatched := false
+		if s.rateLimitService != nil {
+			tempMatched = s.rateLimitService.HandleTempUnschedulable(ctx, account, resp.StatusCode, respBody)
+		}
 		s.handleGeminiUpstreamError(ctx, account, resp.StatusCode, resp.Header, respBody)
 
 		// Best-effort fallback for OAuth tokens missing AI Studio scopes when calling countTokens.
@@ -842,6 +853,9 @@ func (s *GeminiMessagesCompatService) ForwardNative(ctx context.Context, c *gin.
 			}, nil
 		}
 
+		if tempMatched {
+			return nil, &UpstreamFailoverError{StatusCode: resp.StatusCode}
+		}
 		if s.shouldFailoverGeminiUpstreamError(resp.StatusCode) {
 			return nil, &UpstreamFailoverError{StatusCode: resp.StatusCode}
 		}
@@ -1758,7 +1772,7 @@ func (s *GeminiMessagesCompatService) ForwardAIStudioGET(ctx context.Context, ac
 	}
 
 	switch account.Type {
-	case AccountTypeAPIKey:
+	case AccountTypeApiKey:
 		apiKey := strings.TrimSpace(account.GetCredential("api_key"))
 		if apiKey == "" {
 			return nil, errors.New("gemini api_key not configured")
@@ -2177,10 +2191,12 @@ func convertClaudeMessagesToGeminiContents(messages any, toolUseIDToName map[str
 		parts := make([]any, 0)
 		switch content := mm["content"].(type) {
 		case string:
-			if strings.TrimSpace(content) != "" {
+			// 字符串形式的 content，保留所有内容（包括空白）
 			parts = append(parts, map[string]any{"text": content})
-			}
 		case []any:
+			// 如果只有一个 block，不过滤空白（让上游 API 报错）
+			singleBlock := len(content) == 1
+
 			for _, block := range content {
 				bm, ok := block.(map[string]any)
 				if !ok {
@@ -2189,9 +2205,13 @@ func convertClaudeMessagesToGeminiContents(messages any, toolUseIDToName map[str
 				bt, _ := bm["type"].(string)
 				switch bt {
 				case "text":
-					if text, ok := bm["text"].(string); ok && strings.TrimSpace(text) != "" {
+					if text, ok := bm["text"].(string); ok {
+						// 单个 block 时保留所有内容（包括空白）
+						// 多个 blocks 时过滤掉空白
+						if singleBlock || strings.TrimSpace(text) != "" {
 							parts = append(parts, map[string]any{"text": text})
 						}
+					}
 				case "tool_use":
 					id, _ := bm["id"].(string)
 					name, _ := bm["name"].(string)

backend/internal/service/gemini_oauth_service.go

@@ -251,8 +251,20 @@ func inferGoogleOneTier(storageBytes int64) string {
 	return TierGoogleOneUnknown
 }
 
-// FetchGoogleOneTier fetches Google One tier from Drive API
+// fetchGoogleOneTier fetches Google One tier from Drive API or LoadCodeAssist API
 func (s *GeminiOAuthService) FetchGoogleOneTier(ctx context.Context, accessToken, proxyURL string) (string, *geminicli.DriveStorageInfo, error) {
+	// First try LoadCodeAssist API (works for accounts with GCP projects)
+	if s.codeAssist != nil {
+		loadResp, err := s.codeAssist.LoadCodeAssist(ctx, accessToken, proxyURL, nil)
+		if err == nil && loadResp != nil {
+			if tier := loadResp.GetTier(); tier != "" {
+				fmt.Printf("[GeminiOAuth] Got tier from LoadCodeAssist: %s\n", tier)
+				return tier, nil, nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Fallback to Drive API (requires drive.readonly scope)
 	driveClient := geminicli.NewDriveClient()
 
 	storageInfo, err := driveClient.GetStorageQuota(ctx, accessToken, proxyURL)
@@ -422,12 +434,15 @@ func (s *GeminiOAuthService) ExchangeCode(ctx context.Context, input *GeminiExch
 		}
 	case "google_one":
 		// Attempt to fetch Drive storage tier
-		tierID, storageInfo, err := s.FetchGoogleOneTier(ctx, tokenResp.AccessToken, proxyURL)
+		var storageInfo *geminicli.DriveStorageInfo
+		var err error
+		tierID, storageInfo, err = s.FetchGoogleOneTier(ctx, tokenResp.AccessToken, proxyURL)
 		if err != nil {
 			// Log warning but don't block - use fallback
 			fmt.Printf("[GeminiOAuth] Warning: Failed to fetch Drive tier: %v\n", err)
 			tierID = TierGoogleOneUnknown
 		}
+		fmt.Printf("[GeminiOAuth] Google One tierID after fetch: %s\n", tierID)
 
 		// Store Drive info in extra field for caching
 		if storageInfo != nil {
@@ -452,7 +467,7 @@ func (s *GeminiOAuthService) ExchangeCode(ctx context.Context, input *GeminiExch
 	}
 	// ai_studio 模式不设置 tierID，保持为空
 
-	return &GeminiTokenInfo{
+	result := &GeminiTokenInfo{
 		AccessToken:  tokenResp.AccessToken,
 		RefreshToken: tokenResp.RefreshToken,
 		TokenType:    tokenResp.TokenType,
@@ -462,7 +477,9 @@ func (s *GeminiOAuthService) ExchangeCode(ctx context.Context, input *GeminiExch
 		ProjectID:    projectID,
 		TierID:       tierID,
 		OAuthType:    oauthType,
-	}, nil
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("[GeminiOAuth] ExchangeCode returning tierID: %s\n", result.TierID)
+	return result, nil
 }
 
 func (s *GeminiOAuthService) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, oauthType, refreshToken, proxyURL string) (*GeminiTokenInfo, error) {
@@ -669,6 +686,9 @@ func (s *GeminiOAuthService) BuildAccountCredentials(tokenInfo *GeminiTokenInfo)
 		// Validate tier_id before storing
 		if err := validateTierID(tokenInfo.TierID); err == nil {
 			creds["tier_id"] = tokenInfo.TierID
+			fmt.Printf("[GeminiOAuth] Storing tier_id: %s\n", tokenInfo.TierID)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Printf("[GeminiOAuth] Invalid tier_id %s: %v\n", tokenInfo.TierID, err)
 		}
 		// Silently skip invalid tier_id (don't block account creation)
 	}
@@ -698,8 +718,14 @@ func (s *GeminiOAuthService) fetchProjectID(ctx context.Context, accessToken, pr
 	// Extract tierID from response (works whether CloudAICompanionProject is set or not)
 	tierID := "LEGACY"
 	if loadResp != nil {
+		// First try to get tier from currentTier/paidTier fields
+		if tier := loadResp.GetTier(); tier != "" {
+			tierID = tier
+		} else {
+			// Fallback to extracting from allowedTiers
 			tierID = extractTierIDFromAllowedTiers(loadResp.AllowedTiers)
 		}
+	}
 
 	// If LoadCodeAssist returned a project, use it
 	if loadErr == nil && loadResp != nil && strings.TrimSpace(loadResp.CloudAICompanionProject) != "" {

frontend/src/api/admin/gemini.ts

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ export interface GeminiOAuthCapabilities {
 export interface GeminiAuthUrlRequest {
   proxy_id?: number
   project_id?: string
-  oauth_type?: 'code_assist' | 'ai_studio'
+  oauth_type?: 'code_assist' | 'google_one' | 'ai_studio'
 }
 
 export interface GeminiExchangeCodeRequest {
@@ -27,10 +27,22 @@ export interface GeminiExchangeCodeRequest {
   state: string
   code: string
   proxy_id?: number
-  oauth_type?: 'code_assist' | 'ai_studio'
+  oauth_type?: 'code_assist' | 'google_one' | 'ai_studio'
 }
 
-export type GeminiTokenInfo = Record<string, unknown>
+export type GeminiTokenInfo = {
+  access_token?: string
+  refresh_token?: string
+  token_type?: string
+  scope?: string
+  expires_in?: number
+  expires_at?: number
+  project_id?: string
+  oauth_type?: string
+  tier_id?: string
+  extra?: Record<string, unknown>
+  [key: string]: unknown
+}
 
 export async function generateAuthUrl(
   payload: GeminiAuthUrlRequest

frontend/src/components/account/AccountUsageCell.vue

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
       <div v-else class="text-xs text-gray-400">-</div>
     </template>
 
-    <!-- Antigravity OAuth accounts: show quota from extra field -->
+    <!-- Antigravity OAuth accounts: fetch usage from API -->
     <template v-else-if="account.platform === 'antigravity' && account.type === 'oauth'">
       <!-- 账户类型徽章 -->
       <div v-if="antigravityTierLabel" class="mb-1 flex items-center gap-1">
@@ -129,40 +129,55 @@
         </span>
       </div>
 
-      <div v-if="hasAntigravityQuota" class="space-y-1">
+      <!-- Loading state -->
+      <div v-if="loading" class="space-y-1.5">
+        <div class="flex items-center gap-1">
+          <div class="h-3 w-[32px] animate-pulse rounded bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-700"></div>
+          <div class="h-1.5 w-8 animate-pulse rounded-full bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-700"></div>
+          <div class="h-3 w-[32px] animate-pulse rounded bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-700"></div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <!-- Error state -->
+      <div v-else-if="error" class="text-xs text-red-500">
+        {{ error }}
+      </div>
+
+      <!-- Usage data from API -->
+      <div v-else-if="hasAntigravityQuotaFromAPI" class="space-y-1">
         <!-- Gemini 3 Pro -->
         <UsageProgressBar
-          v-if="antigravity3ProUsage !== null"
+          v-if="antigravity3ProUsageFromAPI !== null"
           :label="t('admin.accounts.usageWindow.gemini3Pro')"
-          :utilization="antigravity3ProUsage.utilization"
-          :resets-at="antigravity3ProUsage.resetTime"
+          :utilization="antigravity3ProUsageFromAPI.utilization"
+          :resets-at="antigravity3ProUsageFromAPI.resetTime"
           color="indigo"
         />
 
         <!-- Gemini 3 Flash -->
         <UsageProgressBar
-          v-if="antigravity3FlashUsage !== null"
+          v-if="antigravity3FlashUsageFromAPI !== null"
           :label="t('admin.accounts.usageWindow.gemini3Flash')"
-          :utilization="antigravity3FlashUsage.utilization"
-          :resets-at="antigravity3FlashUsage.resetTime"
+          :utilization="antigravity3FlashUsageFromAPI.utilization"
+          :resets-at="antigravity3FlashUsageFromAPI.resetTime"
           color="emerald"
         />
 
         <!-- Gemini 3 Image -->
         <UsageProgressBar
-          v-if="antigravity3ImageUsage !== null"
+          v-if="antigravity3ImageUsageFromAPI !== null"
           :label="t('admin.accounts.usageWindow.gemini3Image')"
-          :utilization="antigravity3ImageUsage.utilization"
-          :resets-at="antigravity3ImageUsage.resetTime"
+          :utilization="antigravity3ImageUsageFromAPI.utilization"
+          :resets-at="antigravity3ImageUsageFromAPI.resetTime"
           color="purple"
         />
 
         <!-- Claude 4.5 -->
         <UsageProgressBar
-          v-if="antigravityClaude45Usage !== null"
+          v-if="antigravityClaude45UsageFromAPI !== null"
           :label="t('admin.accounts.usageWindow.claude45')"
-          :utilization="antigravityClaude45Usage.utilization"
-          :resets-at="antigravityClaude45Usage.resetTime"
+          :utilization="antigravityClaude45UsageFromAPI.utilization"
+          :resets-at="antigravityClaude45UsageFromAPI.resetTime"
           color="amber"
         />
       </div>
@@ -171,17 +186,17 @@
 
     <!-- Gemini platform: show quota + local usage window -->
     <template v-else-if="account.platform === 'gemini'">
-      <!-- 账户类型徽章 -->
-      <div v-if="geminiTierLabel" class="mb-1 flex items-center gap-1">
+      <!-- Auth Type + Tier Badge (first line) -->
+      <div v-if="geminiAuthTypeLabel" class="mb-1 flex items-center gap-1">
         <span
           :class="[
             'inline-block rounded px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] font-medium',
             geminiTierClass
           ]"
         >
-          {{ geminiTierLabel }}
+          {{ geminiAuthTypeLabel }}
         </span>
-        <!-- 帮助图标 -->
+        <!-- Help icon -->
         <span
           class="group relative cursor-help"
         >
@@ -205,7 +220,7 @@
               <div><strong>{{ geminiQuotaPolicyChannel }}:</strong></div>
               <div class="pl-2">• {{ geminiQuotaPolicyLimits }}</div>
               <div class="mt-2">
-                <a :href="geminiQuotaPolicyDocsUrl" target="_blank" class="text-blue-400 hover:text-blue-300 underline">
+                <a :href="geminiQuotaPolicyDocsUrl" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="text-blue-400 hover:text-blue-300 underline">
                   {{ t('admin.accounts.gemini.quotaPolicy.columns.docs') }} →
                 </a>
               </div>
@@ -295,6 +310,9 @@ const shouldFetchUsage = computed(() => {
   if (props.account.platform === 'gemini') {
     return props.account.type === 'oauth'
   }
+  if (props.account.platform === 'antigravity') {
+    return props.account.type === 'oauth'
+  }
   return false
 })
 
@@ -453,45 +471,35 @@ const codex7dResetAt = computed(() => {
   return null
 })
 
-// Antigravity quota types
-interface AntigravityModelQuota {
-  remaining: number // 剩余百分比 0-100
-  reset_time: string // ISO 8601 重置时间
-}
-
-interface AntigravityQuotaData {
-  [model: string]: AntigravityModelQuota
-}
-
+// Antigravity quota types (用于 API 返回的数据)
 interface AntigravityUsageResult {
   utilization: number
   resetTime: string | null
 }
 
-// Antigravity quota computed properties
-const hasAntigravityQuota = computed(() => {
-  const extra = props.account.extra as Record<string, unknown> | undefined
-  return extra && typeof extra.quota === 'object' && extra.quota !== null
+// ===== Antigravity quota from API (usageInfo.antigravity_quota) =====
+
+// 检查是否有从 API 获取的配额数据
+const hasAntigravityQuotaFromAPI = computed(() => {
+  return usageInfo.value?.antigravity_quota && Object.keys(usageInfo.value.antigravity_quota).length > 0
 })
 
-// 从配额数据中获取使用率（多模型取最低剩余 = 最高使用）
-const getAntigravityUsage = (
+// 从 API 配额数据中获取使用率（多模型取最高使用率）
+const getAntigravityUsageFromAPI = (
   modelNames: string[]
 ): AntigravityUsageResult | null => {
-  const extra = props.account.extra as Record<string, unknown> | undefined
-  if (!extra || typeof extra.quota !== 'object' || extra.quota === null) return null
-
-  const quota = extra.quota as AntigravityQuotaData
+  const quota = usageInfo.value?.antigravity_quota
+  if (!quota) return null
 
-  let minRemaining = 100
+  let maxUtilization = 0
   let earliestReset: string | null = null
 
   for (const model of modelNames) {
     const modelQuota = quota[model]
     if (!modelQuota) continue
 
-    if (modelQuota.remaining < minRemaining) {
-      minRemaining = modelQuota.remaining
+    if (modelQuota.utilization > maxUtilization) {
+      maxUtilization = modelQuota.utilization
     }
     if (modelQuota.reset_time) {
       if (!earliestReset || modelQuota.reset_time < earliestReset) {
@@ -501,32 +509,31 @@ const getAntigravityUsage = (
   }
 
   // 如果没有找到任何匹配的模型
-  if (minRemaining === 100 && earliestReset === null) {
-    // 检查是否至少有一个模型有数据
+  if (maxUtilization === 0 && earliestReset === null) {
     const hasAnyData = modelNames.some((m) => quota[m])
     if (!hasAnyData) return null
   }
 
   return {
-    utilization: 100 - minRemaining,
+    utilization: maxUtilization,
     resetTime: earliestReset
   }
 }
 
-// Gemini 3 Pro: gemini-3-pro-low, gemini-3-pro-high, gemini-3-pro-preview
-const antigravity3ProUsage = computed(() =>
-  getAntigravityUsage(['gemini-3-pro-low', 'gemini-3-pro-high', 'gemini-3-pro-preview'])
+// Gemini 3 Pro from API
+const antigravity3ProUsageFromAPI = computed(() =>
+  getAntigravityUsageFromAPI(['gemini-3-pro-low', 'gemini-3-pro-high', 'gemini-3-pro-preview'])
 )
 
-// Gemini 3 Flash: gemini-3-flash
-const antigravity3FlashUsage = computed(() => getAntigravityUsage(['gemini-3-flash']))
+// Gemini 3 Flash from API
+const antigravity3FlashUsageFromAPI = computed(() => getAntigravityUsageFromAPI(['gemini-3-flash']))
 
-// Gemini 3 Image: gemini-3-pro-image
-const antigravity3ImageUsage = computed(() => getAntigravityUsage(['gemini-3-pro-image']))
+// Gemini 3 Image from API
+const antigravity3ImageUsageFromAPI = computed(() => getAntigravityUsageFromAPI(['gemini-3-pro-image']))
 
-// Claude 4.5: claude-sonnet-4-5, claude-opus-4-5-thinking
-const antigravityClaude45Usage = computed(() =>
-  getAntigravityUsage(['claude-sonnet-4-5', 'claude-opus-4-5-thinking'])
+// Claude 4.5 from API
+const antigravityClaude45UsageFromAPI = computed(() =>
+  getAntigravityUsageFromAPI(['claude-sonnet-4-5', 'claude-opus-4-5-thinking'])
 )
 
 // Antigravity 账户类型（从 load_code_assist 响应中提取）
@@ -565,40 +572,55 @@ const isGeminiCodeAssist = computed(() => {
   return creds?.oauth_type === 'code_assist' || (!creds?.oauth_type && !!creds?.project_id)
 })
 
-// Gemini 账户类型显示标签
-const geminiTierLabel = computed(() => {
-  if (!geminiTier.value) return null
-
+// Gemini 认证类型 + Tier 组合标签（简洁版）
+const geminiAuthTypeLabel = computed(() => {
   const creds = props.account.credentials as GeminiCredentials | undefined
-  const isGoogleOne = creds?.oauth_type === 'google_one'
+  const oauthType = creds?.oauth_type
 
-  if (isGoogleOne) {
-    // Google One tier 标签
+  // For API Key accounts, don't show auth type label
+  if (props.account.type !== 'oauth') return null
+
+  if (oauthType === 'google_one') {
+    // Google One: show "G1" + tier
+    const tierMap: Record<string, string> = {
+      AI_PREMIUM: 'AI Premium',
+      GOOGLE_ONE_STANDARD: 'Standard',
+      GOOGLE_ONE_BASIC: 'Basic',
+      FREE: 'Free',
+      GOOGLE_ONE_UNKNOWN: 'Personal',
+      GOOGLE_ONE_UNLIMITED: 'Unlimited'
+    }
+    const tierLabel = geminiTier.value ? tierMap[geminiTier.value] || 'Personal' : 'Personal'
+    return `G1 ${tierLabel}`
+  } else if (oauthType === 'code_assist' || (!oauthType && isGeminiCodeAssist.value)) {
+    // Code Assist: show "CLI" + tier
     const tierMap: Record<string, string> = {
-      AI_PREMIUM: t('admin.accounts.tier.aiPremium'),
-      GOOGLE_ONE_STANDARD: t('admin.accounts.tier.standard'),
-      GOOGLE_ONE_BASIC: t('admin.accounts.tier.basic'),
-      FREE: t('admin.accounts.tier.free'),
-      GOOGLE_ONE_UNKNOWN: t('admin.accounts.tier.personal'),
-      GOOGLE_ONE_UNLIMITED: t('admin.accounts.tier.unlimited')
+      LEGACY: 'Free',
+      PRO: 'Pro',
+      ULTRA: 'Ultra'
     }
-    return tierMap[geminiTier.value] || t('admin.accounts.tier.personal')
+    const tierLabel = geminiTier.value ? tierMap[geminiTier.value] || 'Free' : 'Free'
+    return `CLI ${tierLabel}`
+  } else if (oauthType === 'ai_studio') {
+    // AI Studio: just show "AI Studio" (no tier)
+    return 'AI Studio'
   }
 
-  // Code Assist tier 标签
-  const tierMap: Record<string, string> = {
-    LEGACY: t('admin.accounts.tier.free'),
-    PRO: t('admin.accounts.tier.pro'),
-    ULTRA: t('admin.accounts.tier.ultra')
-  }
-  return tierMap[geminiTier.value] || null
+  return null
 })
 
 // Gemini 账户类型徽章样式
 const geminiTierClass = computed(() => {
+  const creds = props.account.credentials as GeminiCredentials | undefined
+  const oauthType = creds?.oauth_type
+
+  // AI Studio: use neutral gray color (no tier)
+  if (oauthType === 'ai_studio') {
+    return 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300'
+  }
+
   if (!geminiTier.value) return ''
 
-  const creds = props.account.credentials as GeminiCredentials | undefined
   const isGoogleOne = creds?.oauth_type === 'google_one'
 
   if (isGoogleOne) {

frontend/src/components/account/UsageProgressBar.vue

@@ -111,12 +111,12 @@ const displayPercent = computed(() => {
 
 // Format reset time
 const formatResetTime = computed(() => {
-  if (!props.resetsAt) return 'N/A'
+  if (!props.resetsAt) return t('common.notAvailable')
   const date = new Date(props.resetsAt)
   const now = new Date()
   const diffMs = date.getTime() - now.getTime()
 
-  if (diffMs <= 0) return 'Now'
+  if (diffMs <= 0) return t('common.now')
 
   const diffHours = Math.floor(diffMs / (1000 * 60 * 60))
   const diffMins = Math.floor((diffMs % (1000 * 60 * 60)) / (1000 * 60))

frontend/src/composables/useGeminiOAuth.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ export interface GeminiTokenInfo {
   expires_at?: number | string
   project_id?: string
   oauth_type?: string
+  tier_id?: string
+  extra?: Record<string, unknown>
   [key: string]: unknown
 }
 
@@ -122,10 +124,16 @@ export function useGeminiOAuth() {
       expires_at: expiresAt,
       scope: tokenInfo.scope,
       project_id: tokenInfo.project_id,
-      oauth_type: tokenInfo.oauth_type
+      oauth_type: tokenInfo.oauth_type,
+      tier_id: tokenInfo.tier_id
     }
   }
 
+  const buildExtraInfo = (tokenInfo: GeminiTokenInfo): Record<string, unknown> | undefined => {
+    if (!tokenInfo.extra || typeof tokenInfo.extra !== 'object') return undefined
+    return tokenInfo.extra
+  }
+
   const getCapabilities = async (): Promise<GeminiOAuthCapabilities | null> => {
     try {
       return await adminAPI.gemini.getCapabilities()
@@ -145,6 +153,7 @@ export function useGeminiOAuth() {
     generateAuthUrl,
     exchangeAuthCode,
     buildCredentials,
+    buildExtraInfo,
     getCapabilities
   }
 }