Merge PR #279: feat(计费): 账号计费倍率快照与账号口径费用统计

backend/internal/repository/account_repo.go

@@ -80,6 +80,10 @@ func (r *accountRepository) Create(ctx context.Context, account *service.Account
 		SetSchedulable(account.Schedulable).
 		SetAutoPauseOnExpired(account.AutoPauseOnExpired)
 
+	if account.RateMultiplier != nil {
+		builder.SetRateMultiplier(*account.RateMultiplier)
+	}
+
 	if account.ProxyID != nil {
 		builder.SetProxyID(*account.ProxyID)
 	}
@@ -291,6 +295,10 @@ func (r *accountRepository) Update(ctx context.Context, account *service.Account
 		SetSchedulable(account.Schedulable).
 		SetAutoPauseOnExpired(account.AutoPauseOnExpired)
 
+	if account.RateMultiplier != nil {
+		builder.SetRateMultiplier(*account.RateMultiplier)
+	}
+
 	if account.ProxyID != nil {
 		builder.SetProxyID(*account.ProxyID)
 	} else {
@@ -999,6 +1007,11 @@ func (r *accountRepository) BulkUpdate(ctx context.Context, ids []int64, updates
 		args = append(args, *updates.Priority)
 		idx++
 	}
+	if updates.RateMultiplier != nil {
+		setClauses = append(setClauses, "rate_multiplier = $"+itoa(idx))
+		args = append(args, *updates.RateMultiplier)
+		idx++
+	}
 	if updates.Status != nil {
 		setClauses = append(setClauses, "status = $"+itoa(idx))
 		args = append(args, *updates.Status)
@@ -1347,6 +1360,8 @@ func accountEntityToService(m *dbent.Account) *service.Account {
 		return nil
 	}
 
+	rateMultiplier := m.RateMultiplier
+
 	return &service.Account{
 		ID:                  m.ID,
 		Name:                m.Name,
@@ -1358,6 +1373,7 @@ func accountEntityToService(m *dbent.Account) *service.Account {
 		ProxyID:             m.ProxyID,
 		Concurrency:         m.Concurrency,
 		Priority:            m.Priority,
+		RateMultiplier:      &rateMultiplier,
 		Status:              m.Status,
 		ErrorMessage:        derefString(m.ErrorMessage),
 		LastUsedAt:          m.LastUsedAt,

backend/internal/repository/ops_repo_preagg.go

@@ -71,7 +71,9 @@ usage_agg AS (
 error_base AS (
   SELECT
     date_trunc('hour', created_at AT TIME ZONE 'UTC') AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AS bucket_start,
-    platform AS platform,
+    -- platform is NULL for some early-phase errors (e.g. before routing); map to a sentinel
+    -- value so platform-level GROUPING SETS don't collide with the overall (platform=NULL) row.
+    COALESCE(platform, 'unknown') AS platform,
     group_id AS group_id,
     is_business_limited AS is_business_limited,
     error_owner AS error_owner,

backend/internal/repository/usage_log_repo.go

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/lib/pq"
 )
 
-const usageLogSelectColumns = "id, user_id, api_key_id, account_id, request_id, model, group_id, subscription_id, input_tokens, output_tokens, cache_creation_tokens, cache_read_tokens, cache_creation_5m_tokens, cache_creation_1h_tokens, input_cost, output_cost, cache_creation_cost, cache_read_cost, total_cost, actual_cost, rate_multiplier, billing_type, stream, duration_ms, first_token_ms, user_agent, ip_address, image_count, image_size, created_at"
+const usageLogSelectColumns = "id, user_id, api_key_id, account_id, request_id, model, group_id, subscription_id, input_tokens, output_tokens, cache_creation_tokens, cache_read_tokens, cache_creation_5m_tokens, cache_creation_1h_tokens, input_cost, output_cost, cache_creation_cost, cache_read_cost, total_cost, actual_cost, rate_multiplier, account_rate_multiplier, billing_type, stream, duration_ms, first_token_ms, user_agent, ip_address, image_count, image_size, created_at"
 
 type usageLogRepository struct {
 	client *dbent.Client
@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) Create(ctx context.Context, log *service.UsageLog)
 			total_cost,
 			actual_cost,
 			rate_multiplier,
+			account_rate_multiplier,
 			billing_type,
 			stream,
 			duration_ms,
@@ -120,7 +121,7 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) Create(ctx context.Context, log *service.UsageLog)
 			$8, $9, $10, $11,
 			$12, $13,
 			$14, $15, $16, $17, $18, $19,
-			$20, $21, $22, $23, $24, $25, $26, $27, $28, $29
+			$20, $21, $22, $23, $24, $25, $26, $27, $28, $29, $30
 		)
 		ON CONFLICT (request_id, api_key_id) DO NOTHING
 		RETURNING id, created_at
@@ -160,6 +161,7 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) Create(ctx context.Context, log *service.UsageLog)
 		log.TotalCost,
 		log.ActualCost,
 		rateMultiplier,
+		log.AccountRateMultiplier,
 		log.BillingType,
 		log.Stream,
 		duration,
@@ -835,7 +837,9 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetAccountTodayStats(ctx context.Context, accountID
 		SELECT
 			COUNT(*) as requests,
 			COALESCE(SUM(input_tokens + output_tokens + cache_creation_tokens + cache_read_tokens), 0) as tokens,
-			COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost), 0) as cost
+			COALESCE(SUM(total_cost * COALESCE(account_rate_multiplier, 1)), 0) as cost,
+			COALESCE(SUM(total_cost), 0) as standard_cost,
+			COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost), 0) as user_cost
 		FROM usage_logs
 		WHERE account_id = $1 AND created_at >= $2
 	`
@@ -849,6 +853,8 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetAccountTodayStats(ctx context.Context, accountID
 		&stats.Requests,
 		&stats.Tokens,
 		&stats.Cost,
+		&stats.StandardCost,
+		&stats.UserCost,
 	); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -861,7 +867,9 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetAccountWindowStats(ctx context.Context, accountI
 		SELECT
 			COUNT(*) as requests,
 			COALESCE(SUM(input_tokens + output_tokens + cache_creation_tokens + cache_read_tokens), 0) as tokens,
-			COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost), 0) as cost
+			COALESCE(SUM(total_cost * COALESCE(account_rate_multiplier, 1)), 0) as cost,
+			COALESCE(SUM(total_cost), 0) as standard_cost,
+			COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost), 0) as user_cost
 		FROM usage_logs
 		WHERE account_id = $1 AND created_at >= $2
 	`
@@ -875,6 +883,8 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetAccountWindowStats(ctx context.Context, accountI
 		&stats.Requests,
 		&stats.Tokens,
 		&stats.Cost,
+		&stats.StandardCost,
+		&stats.UserCost,
 	); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -1454,7 +1464,13 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetUsageTrendWithFilters(ctx context.Context, start
 
 // GetModelStatsWithFilters returns model statistics with optional user/api_key filters
 func (r *usageLogRepository) GetModelStatsWithFilters(ctx context.Context, startTime, endTime time.Time, userID, apiKeyID, accountID int64) (results []ModelStat, err error) {
-	query := `
+	actualCostExpr := "COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost), 0) as actual_cost"
+	// 当仅按 account_id 聚合时，实际费用使用账号倍率（total_cost * account_rate_multiplier）。
+	if accountID > 0 && userID == 0 && apiKeyID == 0 {
+		actualCostExpr = "COALESCE(SUM(total_cost * COALESCE(account_rate_multiplier, 1)), 0) as actual_cost"
+	}
+
+	query := fmt.Sprintf(`
 		SELECT
 			model,
 			COUNT(*) as requests,
@@ -1462,10 +1478,10 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetModelStatsWithFilters(ctx context.Context, start
 			COALESCE(SUM(output_tokens), 0) as output_tokens,
 			COALESCE(SUM(input_tokens + output_tokens + cache_creation_tokens + cache_read_tokens), 0) as total_tokens,
 			COALESCE(SUM(total_cost), 0) as cost,
-			COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost), 0) as actual_cost
+			%s
 		FROM usage_logs
 		WHERE created_at >= $1 AND created_at < $2
-	`
+	`, actualCostExpr)
 
 	args := []any{startTime, endTime}
 	if userID > 0 {
@@ -1587,12 +1603,14 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetStatsWithFilters(ctx context.Context, filters Us
 			COALESCE(SUM(cache_creation_tokens + cache_read_tokens), 0) as total_cache_tokens,
 			COALESCE(SUM(total_cost), 0) as total_cost,
 			COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost), 0) as total_actual_cost,
+			COALESCE(SUM(total_cost * COALESCE(account_rate_multiplier, 1)), 0) as total_account_cost,
 			COALESCE(AVG(duration_ms), 0) as avg_duration_ms
 		FROM usage_logs
 		%s
 	`, buildWhere(conditions))
 
 	stats := &UsageStats{}
+	var totalAccountCost float64
 	if err := scanSingleRow(
 		ctx,
 		r.sql,
@@ -1604,10 +1622,14 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetStatsWithFilters(ctx context.Context, filters Us
 		&stats.TotalCacheTokens,
 		&stats.TotalCost,
 		&stats.TotalActualCost,
+		&totalAccountCost,
 		&stats.AverageDurationMs,
 	); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	if filters.AccountID > 0 {
+		stats.TotalAccountCost = &totalAccountCost
+	}
 	stats.TotalTokens = stats.TotalInputTokens + stats.TotalOutputTokens + stats.TotalCacheTokens
 	return stats, nil
 }
@@ -1634,7 +1656,8 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetAccountUsageStats(ctx context.Context, accountID
 			COUNT(*) as requests,
 			COALESCE(SUM(input_tokens + output_tokens + cache_creation_tokens + cache_read_tokens), 0) as tokens,
 			COALESCE(SUM(total_cost), 0) as cost,
-			COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost), 0) as actual_cost
+			COALESCE(SUM(total_cost * COALESCE(account_rate_multiplier, 1)), 0) as actual_cost,
+			COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost), 0) as user_cost
 		FROM usage_logs
 		WHERE account_id = $1 AND created_at >= $2 AND created_at < $3
 		GROUP BY date
@@ -1661,7 +1684,8 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetAccountUsageStats(ctx context.Context, accountID
 		var tokens int64
 		var cost float64
 		var actualCost float64
-		if err = rows.Scan(&date, &requests, &tokens, &cost, &actualCost); err != nil {
+		var userCost float64
+		if err = rows.Scan(&date, &requests, &tokens, &cost, &actualCost, &userCost); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		t, _ := time.Parse("2006-01-02", date)
@@ -1672,19 +1696,21 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetAccountUsageStats(ctx context.Context, accountID
 			Tokens:     tokens,
 			Cost:       cost,
 			ActualCost: actualCost,
+			UserCost:   userCost,
 		})
 	}
 	if err = rows.Err(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	var totalActualCost, totalStandardCost float64
+	var totalAccountCost, totalUserCost, totalStandardCost float64
 	var totalRequests, totalTokens int64
 	var highestCostDay, highestRequestDay *AccountUsageHistory
 
 	for i := range history {
 		h := &history[i]
-		totalActualCost += h.ActualCost
+		totalAccountCost += h.ActualCost
+		totalUserCost += h.UserCost
 		totalStandardCost += h.Cost
 		totalRequests += h.Requests
 		totalTokens += h.Tokens
@@ -1711,11 +1737,13 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetAccountUsageStats(ctx context.Context, accountID
 	summary := AccountUsageSummary{
 		Days:              daysCount,
 		ActualDaysUsed:    actualDaysUsed,
-		TotalCost:         totalActualCost,
+		TotalCost:         totalAccountCost,
+		TotalUserCost:     totalUserCost,
 		TotalStandardCost: totalStandardCost,
 		TotalRequests:     totalRequests,
 		TotalTokens:       totalTokens,
-		AvgDailyCost:      totalActualCost / float64(actualDaysUsed),
+		AvgDailyCost:      totalAccountCost / float64(actualDaysUsed),
+		AvgDailyUserCost:  totalUserCost / float64(actualDaysUsed),
 		AvgDailyRequests:  float64(totalRequests) / float64(actualDaysUsed),
 		AvgDailyTokens:    float64(totalTokens) / float64(actualDaysUsed),
 		AvgDurationMs:     avgDuration,
@@ -1727,11 +1755,13 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetAccountUsageStats(ctx context.Context, accountID
 			summary.Today = &struct {
 				Date     string  `json:"date"`
 				Cost     float64 `json:"cost"`
+				UserCost float64 `json:"user_cost"`
 				Requests int64   `json:"requests"`
 				Tokens   int64   `json:"tokens"`
 			}{
 				Date:     history[i].Date,
 				Cost:     history[i].ActualCost,
+				UserCost: history[i].UserCost,
 				Requests: history[i].Requests,
 				Tokens:   history[i].Tokens,
 			}
@@ -1744,11 +1774,13 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetAccountUsageStats(ctx context.Context, accountID
 			Date     string  `json:"date"`
 			Label    string  `json:"label"`
 			Cost     float64 `json:"cost"`
+			UserCost float64 `json:"user_cost"`
 			Requests int64   `json:"requests"`
 		}{
 			Date:     highestCostDay.Date,
 			Label:    highestCostDay.Label,
 			Cost:     highestCostDay.ActualCost,
+			UserCost: highestCostDay.UserCost,
 			Requests: highestCostDay.Requests,
 		}
 	}
@@ -1759,11 +1791,13 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetAccountUsageStats(ctx context.Context, accountID
 			Label    string  `json:"label"`
 			Requests int64   `json:"requests"`
 			Cost     float64 `json:"cost"`
+			UserCost float64 `json:"user_cost"`
 		}{
 			Date:     highestRequestDay.Date,
 			Label:    highestRequestDay.Label,
 			Requests: highestRequestDay.Requests,
 			Cost:     highestRequestDay.ActualCost,
+			UserCost: highestRequestDay.UserCost,
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1994,36 +2028,37 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) loadSubscriptions(ctx context.Context, ids []int64)
 
 func scanUsageLog(scanner interface{ Scan(...any) error }) (*service.UsageLog, error) {
 	var (
-		id                  int64
-		userID              int64
-		apiKeyID            int64
-		accountID           int64
-		requestID           sql.NullString
-		model               string
-		groupID             sql.NullInt64
-		subscriptionID      sql.NullInt64
-		inputTokens         int
-		outputTokens        int
-		cacheCreationTokens int
-		cacheReadTokens     int
-		cacheCreation5m     int
-		cacheCreation1h     int
-		inputCost           float64
-		outputCost          float64
-		cacheCreationCost   float64
-		cacheReadCost       float64
-		totalCost           float64
-		actualCost          float64
-		rateMultiplier      float64
-		billingType         int16
-		stream              bool
-		durationMs          sql.NullInt64
-		firstTokenMs        sql.NullInt64
-		userAgent           sql.NullString
-		ipAddress           sql.NullString
-		imageCount          int
-		imageSize           sql.NullString
-		createdAt           time.Time
+		id                    int64
+		userID                int64
+		apiKeyID              int64
+		accountID             int64
+		requestID             sql.NullString
+		model                 string
+		groupID               sql.NullInt64
+		subscriptionID        sql.NullInt64
+		inputTokens           int
+		outputTokens          int
+		cacheCreationTokens   int
+		cacheReadTokens       int
+		cacheCreation5m       int
+		cacheCreation1h       int
+		inputCost             float64
+		outputCost            float64
+		cacheCreationCost     float64
+		cacheReadCost         float64
+		totalCost             float64
+		actualCost            float64
+		rateMultiplier        float64
+		accountRateMultiplier sql.NullFloat64
+		billingType           int16
+		stream                bool
+		durationMs            sql.NullInt64
+		firstTokenMs          sql.NullInt64
+		userAgent             sql.NullString
+		ipAddress             sql.NullString
+		imageCount            int
+		imageSize             sql.NullString
+		createdAt             time.Time
 	)
 
 	if err := scanner.Scan(
@@ -2048,6 +2083,7 @@ func scanUsageLog(scanner interface{ Scan(...any) error }) (*service.UsageLog, e
 		&totalCost,
 		&actualCost,
 		&rateMultiplier,
+		&accountRateMultiplier,
 		&billingType,
 		&stream,
 		&durationMs,
@@ -2080,6 +2116,7 @@ func scanUsageLog(scanner interface{ Scan(...any) error }) (*service.UsageLog, e
 		TotalCost:             totalCost,
 		ActualCost:            actualCost,
 		RateMultiplier:        rateMultiplier,
+		AccountRateMultiplier: nullFloat64Ptr(accountRateMultiplier),
 		BillingType:           int8(billingType),
 		Stream:                stream,
 		ImageCount:            imageCount,
@@ -2186,6 +2223,14 @@ func nullInt(v *int) sql.NullInt64 {
 	return sql.NullInt64{Int64: int64(*v), Valid: true}
 }
 
+func nullFloat64Ptr(v sql.NullFloat64) *float64 {
+	if !v.Valid {
+		return nil
+	}
+	out := v.Float64
+	return &out
+}
+
 func nullString(v *string) sql.NullString {
 	if v == nil || *v == "" {
 		return sql.NullString{}

backend/internal/repository/usage_log_repo_integration_test.go

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 
 	dbent "github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/ent"
 	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/pkg/pagination"
+	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/pkg/timezone"
 	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/pkg/usagestats"
 	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/service"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/suite"
@@ -95,6 +96,34 @@ func (s *UsageLogRepoSuite) TestGetByID_NotFound() {
 	s.Require().Error(err, "expected error for non-existent ID")
 }
 
+func (s *UsageLogRepoSuite) TestGetByID_ReturnsAccountRateMultiplier() {
+	user := mustCreateUser(s.T(), s.client, &service.User{Email: "getbyid-mult@test.com"})
+	apiKey := mustCreateApiKey(s.T(), s.client, &service.APIKey{UserID: user.ID, Key: "sk-getbyid-mult", Name: "k"})
+	account := mustCreateAccount(s.T(), s.client, &service.Account{Name: "acc-getbyid-mult"})
+
+	m := 0.5
+	log := &service.UsageLog{
+		UserID:                user.ID,
+		APIKeyID:              apiKey.ID,
+		AccountID:             account.ID,
+		RequestID:             uuid.New().String(),
+		Model:                 "claude-3",
+		InputTokens:           10,
+		OutputTokens:          20,
+		TotalCost:             1.0,
+		ActualCost:            2.0,
+		AccountRateMultiplier: &m,
+		CreatedAt:             timezone.Today().Add(2 * time.Hour),
+	}
+	_, err := s.repo.Create(s.ctx, log)
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+
+	got, err := s.repo.GetByID(s.ctx, log.ID)
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+	s.Require().NotNil(got.AccountRateMultiplier)
+	s.Require().InEpsilon(0.5, *got.AccountRateMultiplier, 0.0001)
+}
+
 // --- Delete ---
 
 func (s *UsageLogRepoSuite) TestDelete() {
@@ -403,12 +432,49 @@ func (s *UsageLogRepoSuite) TestGetAccountTodayStats() {
 	apiKey := mustCreateApiKey(s.T(), s.client, &service.APIKey{UserID: user.ID, Key: "sk-acctoday", Name: "k"})
 	account := mustCreateAccount(s.T(), s.client, &service.Account{Name: "acc-today"})
 
-	s.createUsageLog(user, apiKey, account, 10, 20, 0.5, time.Now())
+	createdAt := timezone.Today().Add(1 * time.Hour)
+
+	m1 := 1.5
+	m2 := 0.0
+	_, err := s.repo.Create(s.ctx, &service.UsageLog{
+		UserID:                user.ID,
+		APIKeyID:              apiKey.ID,
+		AccountID:             account.ID,
+		RequestID:             uuid.New().String(),
+		Model:                 "claude-3",
+		InputTokens:           10,
+		OutputTokens:          20,
+		TotalCost:             1.0,
+		ActualCost:            2.0,
+		AccountRateMultiplier: &m1,
+		CreatedAt:             createdAt,
+	})
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+	_, err = s.repo.Create(s.ctx, &service.UsageLog{
+		UserID:                user.ID,
+		APIKeyID:              apiKey.ID,
+		AccountID:             account.ID,
+		RequestID:             uuid.New().String(),
+		Model:                 "claude-3",
+		InputTokens:           5,
+		OutputTokens:          5,
+		TotalCost:             0.5,
+		ActualCost:            1.0,
+		AccountRateMultiplier: &m2,
+		CreatedAt:             createdAt,
+	})
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
 
 	stats, err := s.repo.GetAccountTodayStats(s.ctx, account.ID)
 	s.Require().NoError(err, "GetAccountTodayStats")
-	s.Require().Equal(int64(1), stats.Requests)
-	s.Require().Equal(int64(30), stats.Tokens)
+	s.Require().Equal(int64(2), stats.Requests)
+	s.Require().Equal(int64(40), stats.Tokens)
+	// account cost = SUM(total_cost * account_rate_multiplier)
+	s.Require().InEpsilon(1.5, stats.Cost, 0.0001)
+	// standard cost = SUM(total_cost)
+	s.Require().InEpsilon(1.5, stats.StandardCost, 0.0001)
+	// user cost = SUM(actual_cost)
+	s.Require().InEpsilon(3.0, stats.UserCost, 0.0001)
 }
 
 func (s *UsageLogRepoSuite) TestDashboardAggregationConsistency() {
@@ -416,8 +482,8 @@ func (s *UsageLogRepoSuite) TestDashboardAggregationConsistency() {
 	// 使用固定的时间偏移确保 hour1 和 hour2 在同一天且都在过去
 	// 选择当天 02:00 和 03:00 作为测试时间点（基于 now 的日期）
 	dayStart := truncateToDayUTC(now)
-	hour1 := dayStart.Add(2 * time.Hour)  // 当天 02:00
-	hour2 := dayStart.Add(3 * time.Hour)  // 当天 03:00
+	hour1 := dayStart.Add(2 * time.Hour) // 当天 02:00
+	hour2 := dayStart.Add(3 * time.Hour) // 当天 03:00
 	// 如果当前时间早于 hour2，则使用昨天的时间
 	if now.Before(hour2.Add(time.Hour)) {
 		dayStart = dayStart.Add(-24 * time.Hour)

backend/internal/server/api_contract_test.go

@@ -239,9 +239,10 @@ func TestAPIContracts(t *testing.T) {
 							"cache_creation_cost": 0,
 							"cache_read_cost": 0,
 							"total_cost": 0.5,
-							"actual_cost": 0.5,
-							"rate_multiplier": 1,
-							"billing_type": 0,
+						"actual_cost": 0.5,
+						"rate_multiplier": 1,
+						"account_rate_multiplier": null,
+						"billing_type": 0,
 							"stream": true,
 							"duration_ms": 100,
 							"first_token_ms": 50,
@@ -262,11 +263,11 @@ func TestAPIContracts(t *testing.T) {
 			name: "GET /api/v1/admin/settings",
 			setup: func(t *testing.T, deps *contractDeps) {
 				t.Helper()
-					deps.settingRepo.SetAll(map[string]string{
-						service.SettingKeyRegistrationEnabled: "true",
-						service.SettingKeyEmailVerifyEnabled:  "false",
+				deps.settingRepo.SetAll(map[string]string{
+					service.SettingKeyRegistrationEnabled: "true",
+					service.SettingKeyEmailVerifyEnabled:  "false",
 
-						service.SettingKeySMTPHost:     "smtp.example.com",
+					service.SettingKeySMTPHost:     "smtp.example.com",
 					service.SettingKeySMTPPort:     "587",
 					service.SettingKeySMTPUsername: "user",
 					service.SettingKeySMTPPassword: "secret",
@@ -285,15 +286,15 @@ func TestAPIContracts(t *testing.T) {
 					service.SettingKeyContactInfo:  "support",
 					service.SettingKeyDocURL:       "https://docs.example.com",
 
-						service.SettingKeyDefaultConcurrency: "5",
-						service.SettingKeyDefaultBalance:     "1.25",
+					service.SettingKeyDefaultConcurrency: "5",
+					service.SettingKeyDefaultBalance:     "1.25",
 
-						service.SettingKeyOpsMonitoringEnabled:         "false",
-						service.SettingKeyOpsRealtimeMonitoringEnabled: "true",
-						service.SettingKeyOpsQueryModeDefault:          "auto",
-						service.SettingKeyOpsMetricsIntervalSeconds:    "60",
-					})
-				},
+					service.SettingKeyOpsMonitoringEnabled:         "false",
+					service.SettingKeyOpsRealtimeMonitoringEnabled: "true",
+					service.SettingKeyOpsQueryModeDefault:          "auto",
+					service.SettingKeyOpsMetricsIntervalSeconds:    "60",
+				})
+			},
 			method:     http.MethodGet,
 			path:       "/api/v1/admin/settings",
 			wantStatus: http.StatusOK,

backend/internal/service/account.go

@@ -9,16 +9,19 @@ import (
 )
 
 type Account struct {
-	ID                 int64
-	Name               string
-	Notes              *string
-	Platform           string
-	Type               string
-	Credentials        map[string]any
-	Extra              map[string]any
-	ProxyID            *int64
-	Concurrency        int
-	Priority           int
+	ID          int64
+	Name        string
+	Notes       *string
+	Platform    string
+	Type        string
+	Credentials map[string]any
+	Extra       map[string]any
+	ProxyID     *int64
+	Concurrency int
+	Priority    int
+	// RateMultiplier 账号计费倍率（>=0，允许 0 表示该账号计费为 0）。
+	// 使用指针用于兼容旧版本调度缓存（Redis）中缺字段的情况：nil 表示按 1.0 处理。
+	RateMultiplier     *float64
 	Status             string
 	ErrorMessage       string
 	LastUsedAt         *time.Time
@@ -57,6 +60,20 @@ func (a *Account) IsActive() bool {
 	return a.Status == StatusActive
 }
 
+// BillingRateMultiplier 返回账号计费倍率。
+// - nil 表示未配置/旧缓存缺字段，按 1.0 处理
+// - 允许 0，表示该账号计费为 0
+// - 负数属于非法数据，出于安全考虑按 1.0 处理
+func (a *Account) BillingRateMultiplier() float64 {
+	if a == nil || a.RateMultiplier == nil {
+		return 1.0
+	}
+	if *a.RateMultiplier < 0 {
+		return 1.0
+	}
+	return *a.RateMultiplier
+}
+
 func (a *Account) IsSchedulable() bool {
 	if !a.IsActive() || !a.Schedulable {
 		return false

backend/internal/service/account_billing_rate_multiplier_test.go

+package service
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestAccount_BillingRateMultiplier_DefaultsToOneWhenNil(t *testing.T) {
+	var a Account
+	require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal([]byte(`{"id":1,"name":"acc","status":"active"}`), &a))
+	require.Nil(t, a.RateMultiplier)
+	require.Equal(t, 1.0, a.BillingRateMultiplier())
+}
+
+func TestAccount_BillingRateMultiplier_AllowsZero(t *testing.T) {
+	v := 0.0
+	a := Account{RateMultiplier: &v}
+	require.Equal(t, 0.0, a.BillingRateMultiplier())
+}
+
+func TestAccount_BillingRateMultiplier_NegativeFallsBackToOne(t *testing.T) {
+	v := -1.0
+	a := Account{RateMultiplier: &v}
+	require.Equal(t, 1.0, a.BillingRateMultiplier())
+}

backend/internal/service/account_service.go

@@ -63,14 +63,15 @@ type AccountRepository interface {
 // AccountBulkUpdate describes the fields that can be updated in a bulk operation.
 // Nil pointers mean "do not change".
 type AccountBulkUpdate struct {
-	Name        *string
-	ProxyID     *int64
-	Concurrency *int
-	Priority    *int
-	Status      *string
-	Schedulable *bool
-	Credentials map[string]any
-	Extra       map[string]any
+	Name           *string
+	ProxyID        *int64
+	Concurrency    *int
+	Priority       *int
+	RateMultiplier *float64
+	Status         *string
+	Schedulable    *bool
+	Credentials    map[string]any
+	Extra          map[string]any
 }
 
 // CreateAccountRequest 创建账号请求

backend/internal/service/account_usage_service.go

@@ -96,10 +96,16 @@ func NewUsageCache() *UsageCache {
 }
 
 // WindowStats 窗口期统计
+//
+// cost: 账号口径费用（total_cost * account_rate_multiplier）
+// standard_cost: 标准费用（total_cost，不含倍率）
+// user_cost: 用户/API Key 口径费用（actual_cost，受分组倍率影响）
 type WindowStats struct {
-	Requests int64   `json:"requests"`
-	Tokens   int64   `json:"tokens"`
-	Cost     float64 `json:"cost"`
+	Requests     int64   `json:"requests"`
+	Tokens       int64   `json:"tokens"`
+	Cost         float64 `json:"cost"`
+	StandardCost float64 `json:"standard_cost"`
+	UserCost     float64 `json:"user_cost"`
 }
 
 // UsageProgress 使用量进度
@@ -377,9 +383,11 @@ func (s *AccountUsageService) addWindowStats(ctx context.Context, account *Accou
 		}
 
 		windowStats = &WindowStats{
-			Requests: stats.Requests,
-			Tokens:   stats.Tokens,
-			Cost:     stats.Cost,
+			Requests:     stats.Requests,
+			Tokens:       stats.Tokens,
+			Cost:         stats.Cost,
+			StandardCost: stats.StandardCost,
+			UserCost:     stats.UserCost,
 		}
 
 		// 缓存窗口统计（1 分钟）
@@ -403,9 +411,11 @@ func (s *AccountUsageService) GetTodayStats(ctx context.Context, accountID int64
 	}
 
 	return &WindowStats{
-		Requests: stats.Requests,
-		Tokens:   stats.Tokens,
-		Cost:     stats.Cost,
+		Requests:     stats.Requests,
+		Tokens:       stats.Tokens,
+		Cost:         stats.Cost,
+		StandardCost: stats.StandardCost,
+		UserCost:     stats.UserCost,
 	}, nil
 }
 

backend/internal/service/admin_service.go

@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ type CreateAccountInput struct {
 	ProxyID            *int64
 	Concurrency        int
 	Priority           int
+	RateMultiplier     *float64 // 账号计费倍率（>=0，允许 0）
 	GroupIDs           []int64
 	ExpiresAt          *int64
 	AutoPauseOnExpired *bool
@@ -151,8 +152,9 @@ type UpdateAccountInput struct {
 	Credentials           map[string]any
 	Extra                 map[string]any
 	ProxyID               *int64
-	Concurrency           *int // 使用指针区分"未提供"和"设置为0"
-	Priority              *int // 使用指针区分"未提供"和"设置为0"
+	Concurrency           *int     // 使用指针区分"未提供"和"设置为0"
+	Priority              *int     // 使用指针区分"未提供"和"设置为0"
+	RateMultiplier        *float64 // 账号计费倍率（>=0，允许 0）
 	Status                string
 	GroupIDs              *[]int64
 	ExpiresAt             *int64
@@ -162,16 +164,17 @@ type UpdateAccountInput struct {
 
 // BulkUpdateAccountsInput describes the payload for bulk updating accounts.
 type BulkUpdateAccountsInput struct {
-	AccountIDs  []int64
-	Name        string
-	ProxyID     *int64
-	Concurrency *int
-	Priority    *int
-	Status      string
-	Schedulable *bool
-	GroupIDs    *[]int64
-	Credentials map[string]any
-	Extra       map[string]any
+	AccountIDs     []int64
+	Name           string
+	ProxyID        *int64
+	Concurrency    *int
+	Priority       *int
+	RateMultiplier *float64 // 账号计费倍率（>=0，允许 0）
+	Status         string
+	Schedulable    *bool
+	GroupIDs       *[]int64
+	Credentials    map[string]any
+	Extra          map[string]any
 	// SkipMixedChannelCheck skips the mixed channel risk check when binding groups.
 	// This should only be set when the caller has explicitly confirmed the risk.
 	SkipMixedChannelCheck bool
@@ -817,6 +820,12 @@ func (s *adminServiceImpl) CreateAccount(ctx context.Context, input *CreateAccou
 	} else {
 		account.AutoPauseOnExpired = true
 	}
+	if input.RateMultiplier != nil {
+		if *input.RateMultiplier < 0 {
+			return nil, errors.New("rate_multiplier must be >= 0")
+		}
+		account.RateMultiplier = input.RateMultiplier
+	}
 	if err := s.accountRepo.Create(ctx, account); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -869,6 +878,12 @@ func (s *adminServiceImpl) UpdateAccount(ctx context.Context, id int64, input *U
 	if input.Priority != nil {
 		account.Priority = *input.Priority
 	}
+	if input.RateMultiplier != nil {
+		if *input.RateMultiplier < 0 {
+			return nil, errors.New("rate_multiplier must be >= 0")
+		}
+		account.RateMultiplier = input.RateMultiplier
+	}
 	if input.Status != "" {
 		account.Status = input.Status
 	}
@@ -942,6 +957,12 @@ func (s *adminServiceImpl) BulkUpdateAccounts(ctx context.Context, input *BulkUp
 		}
 	}
 
+	if input.RateMultiplier != nil {
+		if *input.RateMultiplier < 0 {
+			return nil, errors.New("rate_multiplier must be >= 0")
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Prepare bulk updates for columns and JSONB fields.
 	repoUpdates := AccountBulkUpdate{
 		Credentials: input.Credentials,
@@ -959,6 +980,9 @@ func (s *adminServiceImpl) BulkUpdateAccounts(ctx context.Context, input *BulkUp
 	if input.Priority != nil {
 		repoUpdates.Priority = input.Priority
 	}
+	if input.RateMultiplier != nil {
+		repoUpdates.RateMultiplier = input.RateMultiplier
+	}
 	if input.Status != "" {
 		repoUpdates.Status = &input.Status
 	}

backend/internal/service/gateway_multiplatform_test.go

@@ -1211,6 +1211,72 @@ func TestGatewayService_SelectAccountWithLoadAwareness(t *testing.T) {
 		require.Nil(t, result)
 		require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "no available accounts")
 	})
+
+	t.Run("过滤不可调度账号-限流账号被跳过", func(t *testing.T) {
+		now := time.Now()
+		resetAt := now.Add(10 * time.Minute)
+
+		repo := &mockAccountRepoForPlatform{
+			accounts: []Account{
+				{ID: 1, Platform: PlatformAnthropic, Priority: 1, Status: StatusActive, Schedulable: true, Concurrency: 5, RateLimitResetAt: &resetAt},
+				{ID: 2, Platform: PlatformAnthropic, Priority: 2, Status: StatusActive, Schedulable: true, Concurrency: 5},
+			},
+			accountsByID: map[int64]*Account{},
+		}
+		for i := range repo.accounts {
+			repo.accountsByID[repo.accounts[i].ID] = &repo.accounts[i]
+		}
+
+		cache := &mockGatewayCacheForPlatform{}
+		cfg := testConfig()
+		cfg.Gateway.Scheduling.LoadBatchEnabled = false
+
+		svc := &GatewayService{
+			accountRepo:        repo,
+			cache:              cache,
+			cfg:                cfg,
+			concurrencyService: nil,
+		}
+
+		result, err := svc.SelectAccountWithLoadAwareness(ctx, nil, "", "claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022", nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, result)
+		require.NotNil(t, result.Account)
+		require.Equal(t, int64(2), result.Account.ID, "应跳过限流账号，选择可用账号")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("过滤不可调度账号-过载账号被跳过", func(t *testing.T) {
+		now := time.Now()
+		overloadUntil := now.Add(10 * time.Minute)
+
+		repo := &mockAccountRepoForPlatform{
+			accounts: []Account{
+				{ID: 1, Platform: PlatformAnthropic, Priority: 1, Status: StatusActive, Schedulable: true, Concurrency: 5, OverloadUntil: &overloadUntil},
+				{ID: 2, Platform: PlatformAnthropic, Priority: 2, Status: StatusActive, Schedulable: true, Concurrency: 5},
+			},
+			accountsByID: map[int64]*Account{},
+		}
+		for i := range repo.accounts {
+			repo.accountsByID[repo.accounts[i].ID] = &repo.accounts[i]
+		}
+
+		cache := &mockGatewayCacheForPlatform{}
+		cfg := testConfig()
+		cfg.Gateway.Scheduling.LoadBatchEnabled = false
+
+		svc := &GatewayService{
+			accountRepo:        repo,
+			cache:              cache,
+			cfg:                cfg,
+			concurrencyService: nil,
+		}
+
+		result, err := svc.SelectAccountWithLoadAwareness(ctx, nil, "", "claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022", nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, result)
+		require.NotNil(t, result.Account)
+		require.Equal(t, int64(2), result.Account.ID, "应跳过过载账号，选择可用账号")
+	})
 }
 
 func TestGatewayService_GroupResolution_ReusesContextGroup(t *testing.T) {

backend/internal/service/gateway_service.go

@@ -511,6 +511,12 @@ func (s *GatewayService) SelectAccountWithLoadAwareness(ctx context.Context, gro
 		if isExcluded(acc.ID) {
 			continue
 		}
+		// Scheduler snapshots can be temporarily stale (bucket rebuild is throttled);
+		// re-check schedulability here so recently rate-limited/overloaded accounts
+		// are not selected again before the bucket is rebuilt.
+		if !acc.IsSchedulable() {
+			continue
+		}
 		if !s.isAccountAllowedForPlatform(acc, platform, useMixed) {
 			continue
 		}
@@ -893,6 +899,11 @@ func (s *GatewayService) selectAccountForModelWithPlatform(ctx context.Context,
 		if _, excluded := excludedIDs[acc.ID]; excluded {
 			continue
 		}
+		// Scheduler snapshots can be temporarily stale; re-check schedulability here to
+		// avoid selecting accounts that were recently rate-limited/overloaded.
+		if !acc.IsSchedulable() {
+			continue
+		}
 		if !acc.IsSchedulableForModel(requestedModel) {
 			continue
 		}
@@ -977,6 +988,11 @@ func (s *GatewayService) selectAccountWithMixedScheduling(ctx context.Context, g
 		if _, excluded := excludedIDs[acc.ID]; excluded {
 			continue
 		}
+		// Scheduler snapshots can be temporarily stale; re-check schedulability here to
+		// avoid selecting accounts that were recently rate-limited/overloaded.
+		if !acc.IsSchedulable() {
+			continue
+		}
 		// 过滤：原生平台直接通过，antigravity 需要启用混合调度
 		if acc.Platform == PlatformAntigravity && !acc.IsMixedSchedulingEnabled() {
 			continue
@@ -2618,30 +2634,32 @@ func (s *GatewayService) RecordUsage(ctx context.Context, input *RecordUsageInpu
 	if result.ImageSize != "" {
 		imageSize = &result.ImageSize
 	}
+	accountRateMultiplier := account.BillingRateMultiplier()
 	usageLog := &UsageLog{
-		UserID:              user.ID,
-		APIKeyID:            apiKey.ID,
-		AccountID:           account.ID,
-		RequestID:           result.RequestID,
-		Model:               result.Model,
-		InputTokens:         result.Usage.InputTokens,
-		OutputTokens:        result.Usage.OutputTokens,
-		CacheCreationTokens: result.Usage.CacheCreationInputTokens,
-		CacheReadTokens:     result.Usage.CacheReadInputTokens,
-		InputCost:           cost.InputCost,
-		OutputCost:          cost.OutputCost,
-		CacheCreationCost:   cost.CacheCreationCost,
-		CacheReadCost:       cost.CacheReadCost,
-		TotalCost:           cost.TotalCost,
-		ActualCost:          cost.ActualCost,
-		RateMultiplier:      multiplier,
-		BillingType:         billingType,
-		Stream:              result.Stream,
-		DurationMs:          &durationMs,
-		FirstTokenMs:        result.FirstTokenMs,
-		ImageCount:          result.ImageCount,
-		ImageSize:           imageSize,
-		CreatedAt:           time.Now(),
+		UserID:                user.ID,
+		APIKeyID:              apiKey.ID,
+		AccountID:             account.ID,
+		RequestID:             result.RequestID,
+		Model:                 result.Model,
+		InputTokens:           result.Usage.InputTokens,
+		OutputTokens:          result.Usage.OutputTokens,
+		CacheCreationTokens:   result.Usage.CacheCreationInputTokens,
+		CacheReadTokens:       result.Usage.CacheReadInputTokens,
+		InputCost:             cost.InputCost,
+		OutputCost:            cost.OutputCost,
+		CacheCreationCost:     cost.CacheCreationCost,
+		CacheReadCost:         cost.CacheReadCost,
+		TotalCost:             cost.TotalCost,
+		ActualCost:            cost.ActualCost,
+		RateMultiplier:        multiplier,
+		AccountRateMultiplier: &accountRateMultiplier,
+		BillingType:           billingType,
+		Stream:                result.Stream,
+		DurationMs:            &durationMs,
+		FirstTokenMs:          result.FirstTokenMs,
+		ImageCount:            result.ImageCount,
+		ImageSize:             imageSize,
+		CreatedAt:             time.Now(),
 	}
 
 	// 添加 UserAgent

backend/internal/service/openai_gateway_service.go

@@ -186,6 +186,11 @@ func (s *OpenAIGatewayService) SelectAccountForModelWithExclusions(ctx context.C
 		if _, excluded := excludedIDs[acc.ID]; excluded {
 			continue
 		}
+		// Scheduler snapshots can be temporarily stale; re-check schedulability here to
+		// avoid selecting accounts that were recently rate-limited/overloaded.
+		if !acc.IsSchedulable() {
+			continue
+		}
 		// Check model support
 		if requestedModel != "" && !acc.IsModelSupported(requestedModel) {
 			continue
@@ -332,6 +337,12 @@ func (s *OpenAIGatewayService) SelectAccountWithLoadAwareness(ctx context.Contex
 		if isExcluded(acc.ID) {
 			continue
 		}
+		// Scheduler snapshots can be temporarily stale (bucket rebuild is throttled);
+		// re-check schedulability here so recently rate-limited/overloaded accounts
+		// are not selected again before the bucket is rebuilt.
+		if !acc.IsSchedulable() {
+			continue
+		}
 		if requestedModel != "" && !acc.IsModelSupported(requestedModel) {
 			continue
 		}
@@ -1432,28 +1443,30 @@ func (s *OpenAIGatewayService) RecordUsage(ctx context.Context, input *OpenAIRec
 
 	// Create usage log
 	durationMs := int(result.Duration.Milliseconds())
+	accountRateMultiplier := account.BillingRateMultiplier()
 	usageLog := &UsageLog{
-		UserID:              user.ID,
-		APIKeyID:            apiKey.ID,
-		AccountID:           account.ID,
-		RequestID:           result.RequestID,
-		Model:               result.Model,
-		InputTokens:         actualInputTokens,
-		OutputTokens:        result.Usage.OutputTokens,
-		CacheCreationTokens: result.Usage.CacheCreationInputTokens,
-		CacheReadTokens:     result.Usage.CacheReadInputTokens,
-		InputCost:           cost.InputCost,
-		OutputCost:          cost.OutputCost,
-		CacheCreationCost:   cost.CacheCreationCost,
-		CacheReadCost:       cost.CacheReadCost,
-		TotalCost:           cost.TotalCost,
-		ActualCost:          cost.ActualCost,
-		RateMultiplier:      multiplier,
-		BillingType:         billingType,
-		Stream:              result.Stream,
-		DurationMs:          &durationMs,
-		FirstTokenMs:        result.FirstTokenMs,
-		CreatedAt:           time.Now(),
+		UserID:                user.ID,
+		APIKeyID:              apiKey.ID,
+		AccountID:             account.ID,
+		RequestID:             result.RequestID,
+		Model:                 result.Model,
+		InputTokens:           actualInputTokens,
+		OutputTokens:          result.Usage.OutputTokens,
+		CacheCreationTokens:   result.Usage.CacheCreationInputTokens,
+		CacheReadTokens:       result.Usage.CacheReadInputTokens,
+		InputCost:             cost.InputCost,
+		OutputCost:            cost.OutputCost,
+		CacheCreationCost:     cost.CacheCreationCost,
+		CacheReadCost:         cost.CacheReadCost,
+		TotalCost:             cost.TotalCost,
+		ActualCost:            cost.ActualCost,
+		RateMultiplier:        multiplier,
+		AccountRateMultiplier: &accountRateMultiplier,
+		BillingType:           billingType,
+		Stream:                result.Stream,
+		DurationMs:            &durationMs,
+		FirstTokenMs:          result.FirstTokenMs,
+		CreatedAt:             time.Now(),
 	}
 
 	// 添加 UserAgent

backend/internal/service/openai_gateway_service_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package service
 import (
 	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
+	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
@@ -15,6 +16,129 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 )
 
+type stubOpenAIAccountRepo struct {
+	AccountRepository
+	accounts []Account
+}
+
+func (r stubOpenAIAccountRepo) ListSchedulableByGroupIDAndPlatform(ctx context.Context, groupID int64, platform string) ([]Account, error) {
+	return append([]Account(nil), r.accounts...), nil
+}
+
+func (r stubOpenAIAccountRepo) ListSchedulableByPlatform(ctx context.Context, platform string) ([]Account, error) {
+	return append([]Account(nil), r.accounts...), nil
+}
+
+type stubConcurrencyCache struct {
+	ConcurrencyCache
+}
+
+func (c stubConcurrencyCache) AcquireAccountSlot(ctx context.Context, accountID int64, maxConcurrency int, requestID string) (bool, error) {
+	return true, nil
+}
+
+func (c stubConcurrencyCache) ReleaseAccountSlot(ctx context.Context, accountID int64, requestID string) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c stubConcurrencyCache) GetAccountsLoadBatch(ctx context.Context, accounts []AccountWithConcurrency) (map[int64]*AccountLoadInfo, error) {
+	out := make(map[int64]*AccountLoadInfo, len(accounts))
+	for _, acc := range accounts {
+		out[acc.ID] = &AccountLoadInfo{AccountID: acc.ID, LoadRate: 0}
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+func TestOpenAISelectAccountWithLoadAwareness_FiltersUnschedulable(t *testing.T) {
+	now := time.Now()
+	resetAt := now.Add(10 * time.Minute)
+	groupID := int64(1)
+
+	rateLimited := Account{
+		ID:               1,
+		Platform:         PlatformOpenAI,
+		Type:             AccountTypeAPIKey,
+		Status:           StatusActive,
+		Schedulable:      true,
+		Concurrency:      1,
+		Priority:         0,
+		RateLimitResetAt: &resetAt,
+	}
+	available := Account{
+		ID:          2,
+		Platform:    PlatformOpenAI,
+		Type:        AccountTypeAPIKey,
+		Status:      StatusActive,
+		Schedulable: true,
+		Concurrency: 1,
+		Priority:    1,
+	}
+
+	svc := &OpenAIGatewayService{
+		accountRepo:        stubOpenAIAccountRepo{accounts: []Account{rateLimited, available}},
+		concurrencyService: NewConcurrencyService(stubConcurrencyCache{}),
+	}
+
+	selection, err := svc.SelectAccountWithLoadAwareness(context.Background(), &groupID, "", "gpt-5.2", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("SelectAccountWithLoadAwareness error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if selection == nil || selection.Account == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected selection with account")
+	}
+	if selection.Account.ID != available.ID {
+		t.Fatalf("expected account %d, got %d", available.ID, selection.Account.ID)
+	}
+	if selection.ReleaseFunc != nil {
+		selection.ReleaseFunc()
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOpenAISelectAccountWithLoadAwareness_FiltersUnschedulableWhenNoConcurrencyService(t *testing.T) {
+	now := time.Now()
+	resetAt := now.Add(10 * time.Minute)
+	groupID := int64(1)
+
+	rateLimited := Account{
+		ID:               1,
+		Platform:         PlatformOpenAI,
+		Type:             AccountTypeAPIKey,
+		Status:           StatusActive,
+		Schedulable:      true,
+		Concurrency:      1,
+		Priority:         0,
+		RateLimitResetAt: &resetAt,
+	}
+	available := Account{
+		ID:          2,
+		Platform:    PlatformOpenAI,
+		Type:        AccountTypeAPIKey,
+		Status:      StatusActive,
+		Schedulable: true,
+		Concurrency: 1,
+		Priority:    1,
+	}
+
+	svc := &OpenAIGatewayService{
+		accountRepo: stubOpenAIAccountRepo{accounts: []Account{rateLimited, available}},
+		// concurrencyService is nil, forcing the non-load-batch selection path.
+	}
+
+	selection, err := svc.SelectAccountWithLoadAwareness(context.Background(), &groupID, "", "gpt-5.2", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("SelectAccountWithLoadAwareness error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if selection == nil || selection.Account == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected selection with account")
+	}
+	if selection.Account.ID != available.ID {
+		t.Fatalf("expected account %d, got %d", available.ID, selection.Account.ID)
+	}
+	if selection.ReleaseFunc != nil {
+		selection.ReleaseFunc()
+	}
+}
+
 func TestOpenAIStreamingTimeout(t *testing.T) {
 	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
 	cfg := &config.Config{

backend/internal/service/usage_log.go

@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ type UsageLog struct {
 	TotalCost         float64
 	ActualCost        float64
 	RateMultiplier    float64
+	// AccountRateMultiplier 账号计费倍率快照（nil 表示历史数据，按 1.0 处理）
+	AccountRateMultiplier *float64
 
 	BillingType  int8
 	Stream       bool

backend/migrations/037_add_account_rate_multiplier.sql

+-- Add account billing rate multiplier and per-usage snapshot.
+--
+-- accounts.rate_multiplier: 账号计费倍率（>=0，允许 0 表示该账号计费为 0）。
+-- usage_logs.account_rate_multiplier: 每条 usage log 的账号倍率快照，用于实现
+--   “倍率调整仅影响之后请求”，并支持同一天分段倍率加权统计。
+--
+-- 注意：usage_logs.account_rate_multiplier 不做回填、不设置 NOT NULL。
+-- 老数据为 NULL 时，统计口径按 1.0 处理（COALESCE）。
+
+ALTER TABLE IF EXISTS accounts
+  ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS rate_multiplier DECIMAL(10,4) NOT NULL DEFAULT 1.0;
+
+ALTER TABLE IF EXISTS usage_logs
+  ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS account_rate_multiplier DECIMAL(10,4);

frontend/src/api/admin/usage.ts

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ export interface AdminUsageStatsResponse {
   total_tokens: number
   total_cost: number
   total_actual_cost: number
+  total_account_cost?: number
   average_duration_ms: number
 }
 

frontend/src/components/account/AccountStatsModal.vue

@@ -73,11 +73,12 @@
             </p>
             <p class="mt-1 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
               {{ t('admin.accounts.stats.accumulatedCost') }}
-              <span class="text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500"
-                >({{ t('admin.accounts.stats.standardCost') }}: ${{
+              <span class="text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">
+                ({{ t('usage.userBilled') }}: ${{ formatCost(stats.summary.total_user_cost) }} ·
+                {{ t('admin.accounts.stats.standardCost') }}: ${{
                   formatCost(stats.summary.total_standard_cost)
-                }})</span
-              >
+                }})
+              </span>
             </p>
           </div>
 
@@ -121,12 +122,15 @@
             <p class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">
               ${{ formatCost(stats.summary.avg_daily_cost) }}
             </p>
-            <p class="mt-1 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
+             <p class="mt-1 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
               {{
                 t('admin.accounts.stats.basedOnActualDays', {
                   days: stats.summary.actual_days_used
                 })
               }}
+              <span class="text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">
+                ({{ t('usage.userBilled') }}: ${{ formatCost(stats.summary.avg_daily_user_cost) }})
+              </span>
             </p>
           </div>
 
@@ -189,13 +193,17 @@
             </div>
             <div class="space-y-2">
               <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
-                <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{
-                  t('admin.accounts.stats.cost')
-                }}</span>
+                <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('usage.accountBilled') }}</span>
                 <span class="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white"
                   >${{ formatCost(stats.summary.today?.cost || 0) }}</span
                 >
               </div>
+              <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
+                <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('usage.userBilled') }}</span>
+                <span class="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white"
+                  >${{ formatCost(stats.summary.today?.user_cost || 0) }}</span
+                >
+              </div>
               <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
                 <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{
                   t('admin.accounts.stats.requests')
@@ -240,13 +248,17 @@
                 }}</span>
               </div>
               <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
-                <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{
-                  t('admin.accounts.stats.cost')
-                }}</span>
+                <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('usage.accountBilled') }}</span>
                 <span class="text-sm font-semibold text-orange-600 dark:text-orange-400"
                   >${{ formatCost(stats.summary.highest_cost_day?.cost || 0) }}</span
                 >
               </div>
+              <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
+                <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('usage.userBilled') }}</span>
+                <span class="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white"
+                  >${{ formatCost(stats.summary.highest_cost_day?.user_cost || 0) }}</span
+                >
+              </div>
               <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
                 <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{
                   t('admin.accounts.stats.requests')
@@ -291,13 +303,17 @@
                 }}</span>
               </div>
               <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
-                <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{
-                  t('admin.accounts.stats.cost')
-                }}</span>
+                <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('usage.accountBilled') }}</span>
                 <span class="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white"
                   >${{ formatCost(stats.summary.highest_request_day?.cost || 0) }}</span
                 >
               </div>
+              <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
+                <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('usage.userBilled') }}</span>
+                <span class="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white"
+                  >${{ formatCost(stats.summary.highest_request_day?.user_cost || 0) }}</span
+                >
+              </div>
             </div>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -397,13 +413,17 @@
                 }}</span>
               </div>
               <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
-                <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{
-                  t('admin.accounts.stats.todayCost')
-                }}</span>
+                <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('usage.accountBilled') }}</span>
                 <span class="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white"
                   >${{ formatCost(stats.summary.today?.cost || 0) }}</span
                 >
               </div>
+              <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
+                <span class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('usage.userBilled') }}</span>
+                <span class="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white"
+                  >${{ formatCost(stats.summary.today?.user_cost || 0) }}</span
+                >
+              </div>
             </div>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -517,14 +537,24 @@ const trendChartData = computed(() => {
     labels: stats.value.history.map((h) => h.label),
     datasets: [
       {
-        label: t('admin.accounts.stats.cost') + ' (USD)',
-        data: stats.value.history.map((h) => h.cost),
+        label: t('usage.accountBilled') + ' (USD)',
+        data: stats.value.history.map((h) => h.actual_cost),
         borderColor: '#3b82f6',
         backgroundColor: 'rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.1)',
         fill: true,
         tension: 0.3,
         yAxisID: 'y'
       },
+      {
+        label: t('usage.userBilled') + ' (USD)',
+        data: stats.value.history.map((h) => h.user_cost),
+        borderColor: '#10b981',
+        backgroundColor: 'rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.08)',
+        fill: false,
+        tension: 0.3,
+        borderDash: [5, 5],
+        yAxisID: 'y'
+      },
       {
         label: t('admin.accounts.stats.requests'),
         data: stats.value.history.map((h) => h.requests),
@@ -602,7 +632,7 @@ const lineChartOptions = computed(() => ({
       },
       title: {
         display: true,
-        text: t('admin.accounts.stats.cost') + ' (USD)',
+        text: t('usage.accountBilled') + ' (USD)',
         color: '#3b82f6',
         font: {
           size: 11

frontend/src/components/account/AccountTodayStatsCell.vue

@@ -32,15 +32,20 @@
           formatTokens(stats.tokens)
         }}</span>
       </div>
-      <!-- Cost -->
+      <!-- Cost (Account) -->
       <div class="flex items-center gap-1">
-        <span class="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400"
-          >{{ t('admin.accounts.stats.cost') }}:</span
-        >
+        <span class="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('usage.accountBilled') }}:</span>
         <span class="font-medium text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-400">{{
           formatCurrency(stats.cost)
         }}</span>
       </div>
+      <!-- Cost (User/API Key) -->
+      <div v-if="stats.user_cost != null" class="flex items-center gap-1">
+        <span class="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('usage.userBilled') }}:</span>
+        <span class="font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">{{
+          formatCurrency(stats.user_cost)
+        }}</span>
+      </div>
     </div>
 
     <!-- No data -->

frontend/src/components/account/BulkEditAccountModal.vue

@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@
       </div>
 
       <!-- Concurrency & Priority -->
-      <div class="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4 border-t border-gray-200 pt-4 dark:border-dark-600">
+      <div class="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4 border-t border-gray-200 pt-4 dark:border-dark-600 lg:grid-cols-3">
         <div>
           <div class="mb-3 flex items-center justify-between">
             <label
@@ -516,6 +516,36 @@
             aria-labelledby="bulk-edit-priority-label"
           />
         </div>
+        <div>
+          <div class="mb-3 flex items-center justify-between">
+            <label
+              id="bulk-edit-rate-multiplier-label"
+              class="input-label mb-0"
+              for="bulk-edit-rate-multiplier-enabled"
+            >
+              {{ t('admin.accounts.billingRateMultiplier') }}
+            </label>
+            <input
+              v-model="enableRateMultiplier"
+              id="bulk-edit-rate-multiplier-enabled"
+              type="checkbox"
+              aria-controls="bulk-edit-rate-multiplier"
+              class="rounded border-gray-300 text-primary-600 focus:ring-primary-500"
+            />
+          </div>
+          <input
+            v-model.number="rateMultiplier"
+            id="bulk-edit-rate-multiplier"
+            type="number"
+            min="0"
+            step="0.01"
+            :disabled="!enableRateMultiplier"
+            class="input"
+            :class="!enableRateMultiplier && 'cursor-not-allowed opacity-50'"
+            aria-labelledby="bulk-edit-rate-multiplier-label"
+          />
+          <p class="input-hint">{{ t('admin.accounts.billingRateMultiplierHint') }}</p>
+        </div>
       </div>
 
       <!-- Status -->
@@ -655,6 +685,7 @@ const enableInterceptWarmup = ref(false)
 const enableProxy = ref(false)
 const enableConcurrency = ref(false)
 const enablePriority = ref(false)
+const enableRateMultiplier = ref(false)
 const enableStatus = ref(false)
 const enableGroups = ref(false)
 
@@ -670,6 +701,7 @@ const interceptWarmupRequests = ref(false)
 const proxyId = ref<number | null>(null)
 const concurrency = ref(1)
 const priority = ref(1)
+const rateMultiplier = ref(1)
 const status = ref<'active' | 'inactive'>('active')
 const groupIds = ref<number[]>([])
 
@@ -863,6 +895,10 @@ const buildUpdatePayload = (): Record<string, unknown> | null => {
     updates.priority = priority.value
   }
 
+  if (enableRateMultiplier.value) {
+    updates.rate_multiplier = rateMultiplier.value
+  }
+
   if (enableStatus.value) {
     updates.status = status.value
   }
@@ -923,6 +959,7 @@ const handleSubmit = async () => {
     enableProxy.value ||
     enableConcurrency.value ||
     enablePriority.value ||
+    enableRateMultiplier.value ||
     enableStatus.value ||
     enableGroups.value
 
@@ -977,6 +1014,7 @@ watch(
       enableProxy.value = false
       enableConcurrency.value = false
       enablePriority.value = false
+      enableRateMultiplier.value = false
       enableStatus.value = false
       enableGroups.value = false
 
@@ -991,6 +1029,7 @@ watch(
       proxyId.value = null
       concurrency.value = 1
       priority.value = 1
+      rateMultiplier.value = 1
       status.value = 'active'
       groupIds.value = []
     }