fix(antigravity): fast-fail on proxy unavailable, temp-unschedule account

## Problem

When a proxy is unreachable, token refresh retries up to 4 times with
30s timeout each, causing requests to hang for ~2 minutes before
failing with a generic 502 error. The failed account is not marked,
so subsequent requests keep hitting it.

## Changes

### Proxy connection fast-fail
- Set TCP dial timeout to 5s and TLS handshake timeout to 5s on
  antigravity client, so proxy connectivity issues fail within 5s
  instead of 30s
- Reduce overall HTTP client timeout from 30s to 10s
- Export `IsConnectionError` for service-layer use
- Detect proxy connection errors in `RefreshToken` and return
  immediately with "proxy unavailable" error (no retries)

### Token refresh temp-unschedulable
- Add 8s context timeout for token refresh on request path
- Mark account as temp-unschedulable for 10min when refresh fails
  (both background `TokenRefreshService` and request-path
  `GetAccessToken`)
- Sync temp-unschedulable state to Redis cache for immediate
  scheduler effect
- Inject `TempUnschedCache` into `AntigravityTokenProvider`

### Account failover
- Return `UpstreamFailoverError` on `GetAccessToken` failure in
  `Forward`/`ForwardGemini` to trigger handler-level account switch
  instead of returning 502 directly

### Proxy probe alignment
- Apply same 5s dial/TLS timeout to shared `httpclient` pool
- Reduce proxy probe timeout from 30s to 10s

backend/cmd/server/wire_gen.go

@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ func initializeApplication(buildInfo handler.BuildInfo) (*Application, error) {
 	gatewayCache := repository.NewGatewayCache(redisClient)
 	schedulerOutboxRepository := repository.NewSchedulerOutboxRepository(db)
 	schedulerSnapshotService := service.ProvideSchedulerSnapshotService(schedulerCache, schedulerOutboxRepository, accountRepository, groupRepository, configConfig)
-	antigravityTokenProvider := service.ProvideAntigravityTokenProvider(accountRepository, geminiTokenCache, antigravityOAuthService, oauthRefreshAPI)
+	antigravityTokenProvider := service.ProvideAntigravityTokenProvider(accountRepository, geminiTokenCache, antigravityOAuthService, oauthRefreshAPI, tempUnschedCache)
 	antigravityGatewayService := service.NewAntigravityGatewayService(accountRepository, gatewayCache, schedulerSnapshotService, antigravityTokenProvider, rateLimitService, httpUpstream, settingService)
 	accountTestService := service.NewAccountTestService(accountRepository, geminiTokenProvider, antigravityGatewayService, httpUpstream, configConfig)
 	crsSyncService := service.NewCRSSyncService(accountRepository, proxyRepository, oAuthService, openAIOAuthService, geminiOAuthService, configConfig)

backend/internal/pkg/antigravity/client.go

@@ -228,9 +228,18 @@ type Client struct {
 	httpClient *http.Client
 }
 
+const (
+	// proxyDialTimeout 代理 TCP 连接超时（含代理握手），代理不通时快速失败
+	proxyDialTimeout = 5 * time.Second
+	// proxyTLSHandshakeTimeout 代理 TLS 握手超时
+	proxyTLSHandshakeTimeout = 5 * time.Second
+	// clientTimeout 整体请求超时（含连接、发送、等待响应、读取 body）
+	clientTimeout = 10 * time.Second
+)
+
 func NewClient(proxyURL string) (*Client, error) {
 	client := &http.Client{
-		Timeout: 30 * time.Second,
+		Timeout: clientTimeout,
 	}
 
 	_, parsed, err := proxyurl.Parse(proxyURL)
@@ -238,7 +247,12 @@ func NewClient(proxyURL string) (*Client, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if parsed != nil {
-		transport := &http.Transport{}
+		transport := &http.Transport{
+			DialContext: (&net.Dialer{
+				Timeout: proxyDialTimeout,
+			}).DialContext,
+			TLSHandshakeTimeout: proxyTLSHandshakeTimeout,
+		}
 		if err := proxyutil.ConfigureTransportProxy(transport, parsed); err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("configure proxy: %w", err)
 		}
@@ -250,8 +264,8 @@ func NewClient(proxyURL string) (*Client, error) {
 	}, nil
 }
 
-// isConnectionError 判断是否为连接错误（网络超时、DNS 失败、连接拒绝）
-func isConnectionError(err error) bool {
+// IsConnectionError 判断是否为连接错误（网络超时、DNS 失败、连接拒绝）
+func IsConnectionError(err error) bool {
 	if err == nil {
 		return false
 	}
@@ -276,7 +290,7 @@ func isConnectionError(err error) bool {
 // shouldFallbackToNextURL 判断是否应切换到下一个 URL
 // 与 Antigravity-Manager 保持一致：连接错误、429、408、404、5xx 触发 URL 降级
 func shouldFallbackToNextURL(err error, statusCode int) bool {
-	if isConnectionError(err) {
+	if IsConnectionError(err) {
 		return true
 	}
 	return statusCode == http.StatusTooManyRequests ||

backend/internal/pkg/antigravity/client_test.go

@@ -274,8 +274,8 @@ func TestNewClient_无代理(t *testing.T) {
 	if client.httpClient == nil {
 		t.Fatal("httpClient 为 nil")
 	}
-	if client.httpClient.Timeout != 30*time.Second {
-		t.Errorf("Timeout 不匹配: got %v, want 30s", client.httpClient.Timeout)
+	if client.httpClient.Timeout != clientTimeout {
+		t.Errorf("Timeout 不匹配: got %v, want %v", client.httpClient.Timeout, clientTimeout)
 	}
 	// 无代理时 Transport 应为 nil（使用默认）
 	if client.httpClient.Transport != nil {
@@ -322,11 +322,11 @@ func TestNewClient_无效代理URL(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// isConnectionError
+// IsConnectionError
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 func TestIsConnectionError_nil(t *testing.T) {
-	if isConnectionError(nil) {
+	if IsConnectionError(nil) {
 		t.Error("nil 错误不应判定为连接错误")
 	}
 }
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ func TestIsConnectionError_超时错误(t *testing.T) {
 		Net: "tcp",
 		Err: &timeoutError{},
 	}
-	if !isConnectionError(err) {
+	if !IsConnectionError(err) {
 		t.Error("超时错误应判定为连接错误")
 	}
 }
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ func TestIsConnectionError_netOpError(t *testing.T) {
 		Net: "tcp",
 		Err: fmt.Errorf("connection refused"),
 	}
-	if !isConnectionError(err) {
+	if !IsConnectionError(err) {
 		t.Error("net.OpError 应判定为连接错误")
 	}
 }
@@ -367,14 +367,14 @@ func TestIsConnectionError_urlError(t *testing.T) {
 		URL: "https://example.com",
 		Err: fmt.Errorf("some error"),
 	}
-	if !isConnectionError(err) {
+	if !IsConnectionError(err) {
 		t.Error("url.Error 应判定为连接错误")
 	}
 }
 
 func TestIsConnectionError_普通错误(t *testing.T) {
 	err := fmt.Errorf("some random error")
-	if isConnectionError(err) {
+	if IsConnectionError(err) {
 		t.Error("普通错误不应判定为连接错误")
 	}
 }
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ func TestIsConnectionError_包装的netOpError(t *testing.T) {
 		Err: fmt.Errorf("connection refused"),
 	}
 	err := fmt.Errorf("wrapping: %w", inner)
-	if !isConnectionError(err) {
+	if !IsConnectionError(err) {
 		t.Error("被包装的 net.OpError 应判定为连接错误")
 	}
 }

backend/internal/pkg/httpclient/pool.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ package httpclient
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
@@ -32,6 +33,8 @@ const (
 	defaultMaxIdleConns        = 100              // 最大空闲连接数
 	defaultMaxIdleConnsPerHost = 10               // 每个主机最大空闲连接数
 	defaultIdleConnTimeout     = 90 * time.Second // 空闲连接超时时间（建议小于上游 LB 超时）
+	defaultDialTimeout         = 5 * time.Second  // TCP 连接超时（含代理握手），代理不通时快速失败
+	defaultTLSHandshakeTimeout = 5 * time.Second  // TLS 握手超时
 	validatedHostTTL           = 30 * time.Second // DNS Rebinding 校验缓存 TTL
 )
 
@@ -107,6 +110,10 @@ func buildTransport(opts Options) (*http.Transport, error) {
 	}
 
 	transport := &http.Transport{
+		DialContext: (&net.Dialer{
+			Timeout: defaultDialTimeout,
+		}).DialContext,
+		TLSHandshakeTimeout:   defaultTLSHandshakeTimeout,
 		MaxIdleConns:          maxIdleConns,
 		MaxIdleConnsPerHost:   maxIdleConnsPerHost,
 		MaxConnsPerHost:       opts.MaxConnsPerHost, // 0 表示无限制

backend/internal/repository/proxy_probe_service.go

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func NewProxyExitInfoProber(cfg *config.Config) service.ProxyExitInfoProber {
 }
 
 const (
-	defaultProxyProbeTimeout          = 30 * time.Second
+	defaultProxyProbeTimeout          = 10 * time.Second
 	defaultProxyProbeResponseMaxBytes = int64(1024 * 1024)
 )
 

backend/internal/service/antigravity_gateway_service.go

@@ -1359,7 +1359,10 @@ func (s *AntigravityGatewayService) Forward(ctx context.Context, c *gin.Context,
 	}
 	accessToken, err := s.tokenProvider.GetAccessToken(ctx, account)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, s.writeClaudeError(c, http.StatusBadGateway, "authentication_error", "Failed to get upstream access token")
+		return nil, &UpstreamFailoverError{
+			StatusCode:   http.StatusBadGateway,
+			ResponseBody: []byte(`{"error":{"type":"authentication_error","message":"Failed to get upstream access token"},"type":"error"}`),
+		}
 	}
 
 	// 获取 project_id（部分账户类型可能没有）
@@ -2101,7 +2104,10 @@ func (s *AntigravityGatewayService) ForwardGemini(ctx context.Context, c *gin.Co
 	}
 	accessToken, err := s.tokenProvider.GetAccessToken(ctx, account)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, s.writeGoogleError(c, http.StatusBadGateway, "Failed to get upstream access token")
+		return nil, &UpstreamFailoverError{
+			StatusCode:   http.StatusBadGateway,
+			ResponseBody: []byte(`{"error":{"message":"Failed to get upstream access token","status":"UNAVAILABLE"}}`),
+		}
 	}
 
 	// 获取 project_id（部分账户类型可能没有）

backend/internal/service/antigravity_oauth_service.go

@@ -192,6 +192,10 @@ func (s *AntigravityOAuthService) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, refreshToken
 		if isNonRetryableAntigravityOAuthError(err) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
+		// 代理连接错误（TCP 超时、连接拒绝、DNS 失败）不重试，立即返回
+		if antigravity.IsConnectionError(err) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("proxy unavailable: %w", err)
+		}
 		lastErr = err
 	}
 

backend/internal/service/antigravity_token_provider.go

@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ const (
 	antigravityTokenRefreshSkew = 3 * time.Minute
 	antigravityTokenCacheSkew   = 5 * time.Minute
 	antigravityBackfillCooldown = 5 * time.Minute
+	// antigravityRequestRefreshTimeout 请求路径上 token 刷新的最大等待时间。
+	// 超过此时间直接放弃刷新、标记账号临时不可调度并触发 failover，
+	// 让后台 TokenRefreshService 在下个周期继续重试。
+	antigravityRequestRefreshTimeout = 8 * time.Second
 )
 
 // AntigravityTokenCache token cache interface.
@@ -28,6 +32,7 @@ type AntigravityTokenProvider struct {
 	refreshAPI              *OAuthRefreshAPI
 	executor                OAuthRefreshExecutor
 	refreshPolicy           ProviderRefreshPolicy
+	tempUnschedCache        TempUnschedCache // 用于同步更新 Redis 临时不可调度缓存
 }
 
 func NewAntigravityTokenProvider(
@@ -54,6 +59,11 @@ func (p *AntigravityTokenProvider) SetRefreshPolicy(policy ProviderRefreshPolicy
 	p.refreshPolicy = policy
 }
 
+// SetTempUnschedCache injects temp unschedulable cache for immediate scheduler sync.
+func (p *AntigravityTokenProvider) SetTempUnschedCache(cache TempUnschedCache) {
+	p.tempUnschedCache = cache
+}
+
 // GetAccessToken returns a valid access_token.
 func (p *AntigravityTokenProvider) GetAccessToken(ctx context.Context, account *Account) (string, error) {
 	if account == nil {
@@ -88,8 +98,13 @@ func (p *AntigravityTokenProvider) GetAccessToken(ctx context.Context, account *
 	expiresAt := account.GetCredentialAsTime("expires_at")
 	needsRefresh := expiresAt == nil || time.Until(*expiresAt) <= antigravityTokenRefreshSkew
 	if needsRefresh && p.refreshAPI != nil && p.executor != nil {
-		result, err := p.refreshAPI.RefreshIfNeeded(ctx, account, p.executor, antigravityTokenRefreshSkew)
+		// 请求路径使用短超时，避免代理不通时阻塞过久（后台刷新服务会继续重试）
+		refreshCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, antigravityRequestRefreshTimeout)
+		defer cancel()
+		result, err := p.refreshAPI.RefreshIfNeeded(refreshCtx, account, p.executor, antigravityTokenRefreshSkew)
 		if err != nil {
+			// 标记账号临时不可调度，避免后续请求继续命中
+			p.markTempUnschedulable(account, err)
 			if p.refreshPolicy.OnRefreshError == ProviderRefreshErrorReturn {
 				return "", err
 			}
@@ -172,6 +187,45 @@ func (p *AntigravityTokenProvider) shouldAttemptBackfill(accountID int64) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
+// markTempUnschedulable 在请求路径上 token 刷新失败时标记账号临时不可调度。
+// 同时写 DB 和 Redis 缓存，确保调度器立即跳过该账号。
+// 使用 background context 因为请求 context 可能已超时。
+func (p *AntigravityTokenProvider) markTempUnschedulable(account *Account, refreshErr error) {
+	if p.accountRepo == nil || account == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	now := time.Now()
+	until := now.Add(tokenRefreshTempUnschedDuration)
+	reason := "token refresh failed on request path: " + refreshErr.Error()
+	bgCtx := context.Background()
+	if err := p.accountRepo.SetTempUnschedulable(bgCtx, account.ID, until, reason); err != nil {
+		slog.Warn("antigravity_token_provider.set_temp_unschedulable_failed",
+			"account_id", account.ID,
+			"error", err,
+		)
+		return
+	}
+	slog.Warn("antigravity_token_provider.temp_unschedulable_set",
+		"account_id", account.ID,
+		"until", until.Format(time.RFC3339),
+		"reason", reason,
+	)
+	// 同步写 Redis 缓存，调度器立即生效
+	if p.tempUnschedCache != nil {
+		state := &TempUnschedState{
+			UntilUnix:       until.Unix(),
+			TriggeredAtUnix: now.Unix(),
+			ErrorMessage:    reason,
+		}
+		if err := p.tempUnschedCache.SetTempUnsched(bgCtx, account.ID, state); err != nil {
+			slog.Warn("antigravity_token_provider.temp_unsched_cache_set_failed",
+				"account_id", account.ID,
+				"error", err,
+			)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func (p *AntigravityTokenProvider) markBackfillAttempted(accountID int64) {
 	p.backfillCooldown.Store(accountID, time.Now())
 }

backend/internal/service/token_refresh_service.go

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/config"
 )
 
+// tokenRefreshTempUnschedDuration token 刷新重试耗尽后临时不可调度的持续时间
+const tokenRefreshTempUnschedDuration = 10 * time.Minute
+
 // TokenRefreshService OAuth token自动刷新服务
 // 定期检查并刷新即将过期的token
 type TokenRefreshService struct {
@@ -317,7 +320,7 @@ func (s *TokenRefreshService) refreshWithRetry(ctx context.Context, account *Acc
 		}
 	}
 
-	// 可重试错误耗尽：仅记录日志，不标记 error（可能是临时网络问题，下个周期继续重试）
+	// 可重试错误耗尽：临时标记账号不可调度，避免请求路径反复命中已知失败的账号
 	slog.Warn("token_refresh.retry_exhausted",
 		"account_id", account.ID,
 		"platform", account.Platform,
@@ -325,6 +328,21 @@ func (s *TokenRefreshService) refreshWithRetry(ctx context.Context, account *Acc
 		"error", lastErr,
 	)
 
+	// 设置临时不可调度 10 分钟（不标记 error，保持 status=active 让下个刷新周期能继续尝试）
+	until := time.Now().Add(tokenRefreshTempUnschedDuration)
+	reason := fmt.Sprintf("token refresh retry exhausted: %v", lastErr)
+	if setErr := s.accountRepo.SetTempUnschedulable(ctx, account.ID, until, reason); setErr != nil {
+		slog.Warn("token_refresh.set_temp_unschedulable_failed",
+			"account_id", account.ID,
+			"error", setErr,
+		)
+	} else {
+		slog.Info("token_refresh.temp_unschedulable_set",
+			"account_id", account.ID,
+			"until", until.Format(time.RFC3339),
+		)
+	}
+
 	return lastErr
 }
 

backend/internal/service/wire.go

@@ -114,11 +114,13 @@ func ProvideAntigravityTokenProvider(
 	tokenCache GeminiTokenCache,
 	antigravityOAuthService *AntigravityOAuthService,
 	refreshAPI *OAuthRefreshAPI,
+	tempUnschedCache TempUnschedCache,
 ) *AntigravityTokenProvider {
 	p := NewAntigravityTokenProvider(accountRepo, tokenCache, antigravityOAuthService)
 	executor := NewAntigravityTokenRefresher(antigravityOAuthService)
 	p.SetRefreshAPI(refreshAPI, executor)
 	p.SetRefreshPolicy(AntigravityProviderRefreshPolicy())
+	p.SetTempUnschedCache(tempUnschedCache)
 	return p
 }