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Generally aufs hides the name of whiteouts. But in some cases, to show
them is very useful for users. For instance, creating a new middle layer
(branch) by merging existing layers.

See also the document in this commit.
Signed-off-by: J. R. Okajima <hooanon05g@gmail.com>

This is a feature to optimize for rmdir and rename dir.
When the number of whiteouts under the target dir is very many, it may
take a long time to remove them all. To prevent this, 'dirwh=%d' option
specifies the watermark to decide when to remove them.

For details, see aufs manual in aufs-util.git.
Signed-off-by: J. R. Okajima <hooanon05g@gmail.com>

This is very similar to file operations, including re-open after branch
management. The major part of readdir(3) is split into another object
called VDIR (in previous commit).
Signed-off-by: J. R. Okajima <hooanon05g@gmail.com>

Implement i_op->rmdir() with supporting logical deletion by whiteout
including all children.

As struct.txt in previous commit described, the target dir is renamed to
a whiteout-ed temporary unique name in rmdir(2), and then removed
asynchronously by the system global workqueue.
Signed-off-by: J. R. Okajima <hooanon05g@gmail.com>

It is hard to implement readdir(3) for aufs virtual directory.
It considers the every whiteout in a single direcotry, as well as the
(first) opaque marker (diropq).
This implementation consumes memory a lot, and I'd suggest you to try
RDU (readdir in userspace) in later commit.

See also the document in previous commit.
Signed-off-by: J. R. Okajima <hooanon05g@gmail.com>

This commit is just to prepare for the succeeding commit, and split to
suppress the size of a single commit.
Signed-off-by: J. R. Okajima <hooanon05g@gmail.com>

Copy the inode attributes between branches.
See also the document in this commit.
Signed-off-by: J. R. Okajima <hooanon05g@gmail.com>