Merge pull request #57 from bbrezillon/nand-image-builder

Nand image builder improvements

nand-image-builder.c

@@ -14,55 +14,22 @@
  * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
  * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  *
+ * For the BCH implementation:
+ *
  * Copyright © 2011 Parrot S.A.
  *
  * Author: Ivan Djelic <ivan.djelic@parrot.com>
  *
- * Description:
- *
- * This library provides runtime configurable encoding/decoding of binary
- * Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes.
- *
- * Call init_bch to get a pointer to a newly allocated bch_control structure for
- * the given m (Galois field order), t (error correction capability) and
- * (optional) primitive polynomial parameters.
- *
- * Call encode_bch to compute and store ecc parity bytes to a given buffer.
- * Call decode_bch to detect and locate errors in received data.
- *
- * On systems supporting hw BCH features, intermediate results may be provided
- * to decode_bch in order to skip certain steps. See decode_bch() documentation
- * for details.
- *
- * Option CONFIG_BCH_CONST_PARAMS can be used to force fixed values of
- * parameters m and t; thus allowing extra compiler optimizations and providing
- * better (up to 2x) encoding performance. Using this option makes sense when
- * (m,t) are fixed and known in advance, e.g. when using BCH error correction
- * on a particular NAND flash device.
- *
- * Algorithmic details:
+ * See also:
+ * http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/lib/bch.c
  *
- * Encoding is performed by processing 32 input bits in parallel, using 4
- * remainder lookup tables.
+ * For the randomizer and image builder implementation:
  *
- * The final stage of decoding involves the following internal steps:
- * a. Syndrome computation
- * b. Error locator polynomial computation using Berlekamp-Massey algorithm
- * c. Error locator root finding (by far the most expensive step)
+ * Copyright © 2016 NextThing Co.
+ * Copyright © 2016 Free Electrons
  *
- * In this implementation, step c is not performed using the usual Chien search.
- * Instead, an alternative approach described in [1] is used. It consists in
- * factoring the error locator polynomial using the Berlekamp Trace algorithm
- * (BTA) down to a certain degree (4), after which ad hoc low-degree polynomial
- * solving techniques [2] are used. The resulting algorithm, called BTZ, yields
- * much better performance than Chien search for usual (m,t) values (typically
- * m >= 13, t < 32, see [1]).
+ * Author: Boris Brezillon <boris.brezillon@free-electrons.com>
  *
- * [1] B. Biswas, V. Herbert. Efficient root finding of polynomials over fields
- * of characteristic 2, in: Western European Workshop on Research in Cryptology
- * - WEWoRC 2009, Graz, Austria, LNCS, Springer, July 2009, to appear.
- * [2] [Zin96] V.A. Zinoviev. On the solution of equations of degree 10 over
- * finite fields GF(2^q). In Rapport de recherche INRIA no 2829, 1996.
  */
 
 #include <stdint.h>
@@ -950,21 +917,51 @@ static void display_help(int status)
 {
 	fprintf(status == EXIT_SUCCESS ? stdout : stderr,
 	        "Usage: sunxi-nand-image-builder [OPTIONS] source-image output-image\n"
+		"\n"
 		"Creates a raw NAND image that can be read by the sunxi NAND controller.\n"
 		"\n"
-		"-h			--help				Display this help and exit\n"
-		"-c <strength>/<step>	--ecc=<strength>/<step>		ECC config\n"
-		"							Valid strengths: 16, 24, 28, 32, 40, 48, 56, 60 and 64\n"
-		"							Valid steps: 512 and 1024\n"
-		"-p <size>		--page-size=<size>		Page size\n"
-		"-o <size>		--oob-size=<size>		OOB size\n"
-		"-u <size>		--usable-page-size=<size>	Usable page size. Only needed for boot0 mode\n"
-		"-e <size>		--eraseblock-size=<size>	Erase block size\n"
-		"-b			--boot0				Build a boot0 image.\n"
-		"-s			--scramble			Scramble data\n"
-		"-a <offset>		--address			Where the image will be programmed.\n"
-		"							This option is only required for non boot0 images that are meant to be programmed at a non eraseblock aligned offset.\n"
-		"\n");
+		"-h               --help               Display this help and exit\n"
+		"-c <str>/<step>  --ecc=<str>/<step>   ECC config (strength/step-size)\n"
+		"-p <size>        --page=<size>        Page size\n"
+		"-o <size>        --oob=<size>         OOB size\n"
+		"-u <size>        --usable=<size>      Usable page size\n"
+		"-e <size>        --eraseblock=<size>  Erase block size\n"
+		"-b               --boot0              Build a boot0 image.\n"
+		"-s               --scramble           Scramble data\n"
+		"-a <offset>      --address=<offset>   Where the image will be programmed.\n"
+		"\n"
+		"Notes:\n"
+		"All the information you need to pass to this tool should be part of\n"
+		"the NAND datasheet.\n"
+		"\n"
+		"The NAND controller only supports the following ECC configs\n"
+		"  Valid ECC strengths: 16, 24, 28, 32, 40, 48, 56, 60 and 64\n"
+		"  Valid ECC step size: 512 and 1024\n"
+		"\n"
+		"If you are building a boot0 image, you'll have specify extra options.\n"
+		"These options should be chosen based on the layouts described here:\n"
+		"  http://linux-sunxi.org/NAND#More_information_on_BROM_NAND\n"
+		"\n"
+		"  --usable should be assigned the 'Hardware page' value\n"
+		"  --ecc should be assigned the 'ECC capacity'/'ECC page' values\n"
+		"  --usable should be smaller than --page\n"
+		"\n"
+		"The --address option is only required for non-boot0 images that are \n"
+		"meant to be programmed at a non eraseblock aligned offset.\n"
+		"\n"
+		"Examples:\n"
+		"  The H27UCG8T2BTR-BC NAND exposes\n"
+		"  * 16k pages\n"
+		"  * 1280 OOB bytes per page\n"
+		"  * 4M eraseblocks\n"
+		"  * requires data scrambling\n"
+		"  * expects a minimum ECC of 40bits/1024bytes\n"
+		"\n"
+		"  A normal image can be generated with\n"
+		"    sunxi-nand-image-builder -p 16384 -o 1280 -e 0x400000 -s -c 40/1024\n"
+		"  A boot0 image can be generated with\n"
+		"    sunxi-nand-image-builder -p 16384 -o 1280 -e 0x400000 -s -b -u 4096 -c 64/1024\n"
+		);
 	exit(status);
 }
 
@@ -974,20 +971,37 @@ static int check_image_info(struct image_info *info)
 	int eccbytes, eccsteps;
 	unsigned i;
 
-	if (!info->page_size || !info->oob_size || !info->eraseblock_size ||
-	    !info->usable_page_size)
+	if (!info->page_size) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "--page is missing\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (!info->page_size) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "--oob is missing\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (!info->eraseblock_size) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "--eraseblock is missing\n");
 		return -EINVAL;
+	}
 
-	if (info->ecc_step_size != 512 && info->ecc_step_size != 1024)
+	if (info->ecc_step_size != 512 && info->ecc_step_size != 1024) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Invalid ECC step argument: %d\n",
+			info->ecc_step_size);
 		return -EINVAL;
+	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(valid_ecc_strengths); i++) {
 		if (valid_ecc_strengths[i] == info->ecc_strength)
 			break;
 	}
 
-	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(valid_ecc_strengths))
+	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(valid_ecc_strengths)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Invalid ECC strength argument: %d\n",
+			info->ecc_strength);
 		return -EINVAL;
+	}
 
 	eccbytes = DIV_ROUND_UP(info->ecc_strength * 14, 8);
 	if (eccbytes % 2)
@@ -997,8 +1011,11 @@ static int check_image_info(struct image_info *info)
 	eccsteps = info->usable_page_size / info->ecc_step_size;
 
 	if (info->page_size + info->oob_size <
-	    info->usable_page_size + (eccsteps * (eccbytes)))
+	    info->usable_page_size + (eccsteps * eccbytes)) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+			"ECC bytes do not fit in the NAND page, choose a weaker ECC\n");
 		return -EINVAL;
+	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1015,19 +1032,19 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		int option_index = 0;
 		char *endptr = NULL;
 		static const struct option long_options[] = {
-			{"help", no_argument, 0, 0},
+			{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
 			{"ecc", required_argument, 0, 'c'},
-			{"page-size", required_argument, 0, 'p'},
-			{"oob-size", required_argument, 0, 'o'},
-			{"usable-page-size", required_argument, 0, 'u'},
-			{"eraseblock-size", required_argument, 0, 'e'},
+			{"page", required_argument, 0, 'p'},
+			{"oob", required_argument, 0, 'o'},
+			{"usable", required_argument, 0, 'u'},
+			{"eraseblock", required_argument, 0, 'e'},
 			{"boot0", no_argument, 0, 'b'},
 			{"scramble", no_argument, 0, 's'},
 			{"address", required_argument, 0, 'a'},
 			{0, 0, 0, 0},
 		};
 
-		int c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "c:p:o:u:e:ba:s",
+		int c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "c:p:o:u:e:ba:sh",
 				long_options, &option_index);
 		if (c == EOF)
 			break;